Journal articles: '536.200 158' – Grafiati (2024)

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ABSTRACTWe conducted population-based surveillance for pneumococcal bacteremia within a 5-county region surrounding Philadelphia from October 2001 through September 2008, the period following introduction of the seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Erythromycin resistance increased from 14.7% in 2001-2002 to 20.3% in 2007-2008, while the resistance rate to penicillin (MIC, ≥2 μg/ml) decreased from 7.2% to 4.2% during the same period. The most predominant serotypes associated with erythromycin resistance in 2007-2008 included 19A (29.7%), 15A (29.2%), 6C (10.1%), 3 (5.6%), and 6A (4.5%). The molecular mechanisms for the increasing erythromycin resistance were mainly due to the growing presence ofmef(A)negativeerm(B)+andmef(A)+erm(B)+genotypes, which increased from 20.0% to 46.1% and from 1.8% to 19.1%, respectively, from 2001-2002 to 2007-2008. However,mef(A)-mediated erythromycin resistance decreased from 72.7% in 2001-2002 to 34.8% in 2007-2008. Serotypes related to theerm(B) gene were 15A (45.6%), 19A (20.9%), 3 (10.1%), and 6B (6.3%); serotypes related to themef(A)gene were 6A (18.6%), 19A (15.0%), 6C (9.3%), and 14(8.4%); serotypes associated with the presence of botherm(B) andmef(A)were 19A (81.5%), 15A (7.7%), and 19F (6.2%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis demonstrated that erythromycin-resistant isolates within the 19A serotype were genetically diverse and related to several circulating international clones. In contrast, erythromycin-resistant isolates within the 15A serotype consisted of clonally identical or closely related isolates.

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Introduction: Development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has led to significant improvement in survival of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients. We conducted this study to evaluate any ethnic disparity in CML survival. Methods: We analyzed surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results, SEER 18 registry to compare 1 and 3 years relative survival rates of CML patients diagnosed between 2001- 2008 by ethnicity - Caucasian, African American (AA), Others (O). We analyzed survival rates by age (≤65, >65), and time periods: (2001-2004) and (2005-2008). We used SEER*Stat software to calculate Z value. Results: There were 6,306 CML patients during (2001-2008); 3,111 during (2001-2004) and 3,195 during (2005-2008). The 1-year relative survival rates among Caucasians (n=6,306), AA (n=790), and Others (n=532) were 80.0±0.5%, 83.8 ±1.4%, and 84.0±1.7% [Z value 2.43 (AA vs Caucasian), 2.15 (O vs Caucasian)] respectively. The 3 years RS rates were 65.6±0.7%, 70.2±1.8%, and 70.9 ±2.1% respectively with Z value 2.49 (AA vs Caucasian) and 2.42 (Caucasian vs O). Among younger patients (age ≤65 years, n=4,245) Caucasians had better RS compared to AA (83.1±0.7% vs 78.7±1.8%, Z value 2.24) at 3 years. There was no difference survival at 1and 3 years in older patients (age >65 years, n= 3,383). The survival rates of patients diagnosed during 2001-2004 were similar for all ethnic groups. Among patients diagnosed during 2005-2008, survival rates were significantly higher for AA versus Caucasians (1 year RS 86.6±1.8% vs 81.3±0.7%, Z value 2.45, and 3 year RS 73.8±2.4% vs 68.3±0.9%, Z value 2.20). Others also had better RS compared to Caucasians (87.1±2.1% vs 81.3±0.7%, Z value 2.22) at 1 year. There was no racial disparity in survival rates when analyzed by age (≤65 and >65) and sex at 1 and 3 years during 2001-2004 and 2005-2008. Conclusions: Our study showed that there is ethnic disparity in CML survival. Among CML patients diagnosed during 2005-2008, AA and Other races had superior survival rates compared to Caucasians. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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In the last few decades, the studies in second language acquisition have not answered the question what mechanisms a human’s brain uses to make acquisition of language(s) possible. A neurocognitive model which tries to address SLA from such a perspective was suggested by Ullman (2005; 2015), according to which, “both first and second languages are acquired and processed by well-studied brain systems that are known to subserve particular nonlanguage functions” (Ullman, 2005: 141). The brain systems in question have analogous roles in their language and nonlanguage functions. This article is meant to critically analyse the suggested DP model within the context of neurocognitive studies of L2; and evaluate its contribution to the field of SLA studies. References Aboitiz, F. (1995). Working memory networks and the origin of language areas in the human brain. Medical Hypothesis, 25, 504-506. Aboitiz, F. & Garcia, R. (1977). The anatomy of language revisited. 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Neuroimage, 15, 45-57.

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Despite bans and restrictions for their adverse health effects including endocrine disruption, due to their stability in the environment, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are still of concern for their residues in several matrices. This study employed low-density ultrasound-assisted emulsification–microextraction (USAEME) to measure selected PCBs (28, 52, 101, 118, 138, 153, and 180) in water samples for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. Among tested solvents (isooctane, chloroform, hexane, and cyclohexane), 200 μL isooctane resulted in the highest yield for a 10 mL sample. The optimized method was validated and yielded recoveries of 87.29–92.83% with the limit of detection and limit of quantification (LOQ) values 3–12 ng/L and 10–40 ng/L, respectively. Twelve tap water samples collected in September 2014 were screened using this simple, rapid, and validated method. PCB concentrations in two samples were above the LOQ values; one sample contained 1,380 ng/L of PCB 118, 530 ng/L of PCB 138, and 152 ng/L of PCB 153, and the other contained 444 ng/L of PCB 138. Despite the city water supply being clean and the municipality employing all available measures to ensure clean water supply, the general public must be made aware of the regular maintenance of local water pipelines and storage tanks for the prevention of PCB contamination.

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It is expected that the Deep Impact mission will hit the Comet Tempel 1 nucleus in July 4, 2005. So, modeling of the impacts onto icy/mineral granular and porous materials, and therefore low-dense media, are very relevant. A model of result of the impact onto icy-mineral-porous target is presented on the basis of many series of impact experiments performed in the laboratories. Experimental results are extrapolated to the Deep Impact scale and farther on, to the planetary scale of collisions, e.g., to impacts of the meteorites on comet nuclei. Crucial for modeling are the parameters of the medium forming the nucleus. The most important of them are the ice to total mass ratio and the porosity. Both are virtually unknown, so they are discussed within the large ranges. Self-references. Icarus, 131, 210-222, 1998; Planet. Space Sci., 48, 1437-1446, 2000; Icarus, 158, 516-531, 2002.

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كشف المعلول مما سُمّي بسلسلة الأحاديث الصحيحة، صلاح الدين بن أحمد الإدلبي، عمان: دار البيارق، 2001، 213ص. الإيضاح الجلي في نقد مقولة "صححه الحاكم ووافقه الذهبي" ويليه العيوب المنهجية في كتابات المستشرق شاخت المتعلقة بالسنة النبوية، خالد منصور بن عبد الله الدريس، الرياض: دار المحدِّث، 1425ﻫ. 206ص. الدراسات في الحديث الشريف السند والمتن، السيد أحمد عبد الغفار، الاسكندرية: دار المعرفة الجامعية، 2003، 233ص. دراسات في منهج النقد عند المحدثين، محمد علي قاسم العمري، عمان: دار النفائس، 2000، 470ص. الموجز في علمي الدراية والحديث، القاضي الشيخ يوسف محمد عمرو. بيروت: المؤرخ العربي، 144ص. منهج النقد عند المحدثين، عمرو عبد المنعم سليم، القاهرة: دار ابن عفان، 2005، 160ص. تيسير وتخريج الأحاديث للمبتدئين مع تدريبات عملية تعين الطلبة على ممارسة هذا العلم، عمرو عبد المنعم سليم، القاهرة: دار ابن عفان، 2005، 138 ص. تحرير قواعد الجرح والتعديل وكيفية البحث في أحوال الرواة مع تدريبات عملية تُعين الطالب على ممارسة هذا العلم، عمرو عبد المنعم سليم، القاهرة: دار ابن عفان، 2005، 130ص. نقد الحديث بالعرض على الوقائع والمعلومات التاريخية، سلطان سند العكايلة، عمان: دار الفتح، 2002، 160ص. بحوث السنة المطهرة (دراسة تحليلية لمفاهيم خاطئة)، عبد السميع الأنيس، عمان: دار عمار، 2003م. تحرير العقل من النقل، وقراءة نقدية لمجموعة من أحاديث البخاري ومسلم. سامر إسلامبولي. دمشق: دار الأوائل، 2001. السند والمتن في الحديث النبوي، الشحات السيد زغلول، الإسكندرية: دار المعرفة الجامعية، 2003، 242ص. اتجاه مدرسة الرأي في نقد الحديث النبوي، كمال الدين عبد الغني المرسي، الاسكندرية: دار المعرفة الجامعية، 2003، 255ص. نظرات جديدة في علوم الحديث دراسة نقدية ومقارنة بين الجانب التطبيقي لدى المتقدمين والجانب النظري عند المتأخرين، حمزة عبد الله المليباري، بيروت: دار ابن حزم، 1995، 106ص. نحو تفعيل قواعد نقد متن الحديث، دراسة تطبيقية على بعض أحاديث الصحيحين، إسماعيل الكردي، دمشق: دار الأوائل، 2002، 352ص. الموازنة بين المتقدمين والمتأخرين في تصحيح الأحاديث وتعليلها، حمزة عبد الله المليباري، ط2، بيروت: دار ابن حزم، 2001، 292ص. منهج الإمام البخاري في تصحيح الأحاديث وتعليلها من خلال الجامع الصحيح، أبو بكر كافي، بيروت: دار ابن حزم، 2000، 395ص. علوم الحديث في ضوء تطبيقات المحدثين النقاد، حمزة المليباري، بيروت: دار ابن حزم، 2003، 213ص. السنة النبوية في كتابات أعداء الإسلام مناقشتها والرد عليها، عماد السيد الشربيني، مصر: دار اليقين، 2002، ص 506، 2ج المقترب في بيان المضطرب (تعريفه - قواعده - أمثلته - والرجال الموصوفون بالاضطراب)، أحمد بن عمر بن سالم بن زملول، السعودية: دار الخراز، لبنان: دار ابن حزم، 2001، ص 489. للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF في اعلى يمين الصفحة.

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صورة الإسلام في أوروبا في القرون الوسطى، ريتشارد سوذرن، ترجمة، تحقيق: رضوان السيد، بيروت: دار المدار الإسلامي، 2006، 166 صفحة. الصراع على الإسلام: الأصولية والإصلاح والسياسات الدولية، رضوان السيد، بيروت: دار الكتاب العربي، 2004، 277 صفحة. نحن والعالم.. من أجل تجديد رؤيتنا إلى العالم، زكي الميلاد، الرياض: مؤسسة اليمامة الصحفية، الطبعة الأولى 2005، 196صفحة. بين أخلاقيات العرب وذهنيات الغرب، إبراهيم القادري بوتشيش، القاهرة: رؤية للنشر والتوزيع، 2005، 224 صفحة. خصائص التصور الإسلامي ومقوماته، سيد قطب، القاهرة: دار الشروق، ط9، 2000، 207 صفحة. الفلسفة السياسية، أحمد داود أوغلو، ترجمة: إبراهيم البيومي غانم، القاهرة: مكتبة الشروق الدولية، ط1، 2006، 77 صفحة. الدَّين الخفي للحضارة الإسلامية، صالح الجزائري، لندن: دار الحكمة، ط1، 2006، 526 صفحة. مشروع الوحدة العربية.. ما العمل؟، سعدون حمادي، بيروت: مركز دراسات الوحدة العربية, الطبعة: الأولى، 2006، 171 صفحة. تناقض الرؤى: الجذور الإيديولوجية للصراعات السياسية، توماس سوويل، ترجمة: رنده حسين الحسيني، بيروت: الشركة العالمية للكتاب، ط1، 2006، 331 صفحة. The Truth About Worldviews: A Biblical Understanding Of Worldview Alternatives, James P. Eckman, Crossway Books, 2004, P. 134. Naming the Elephant: Worldview As a Concept, James W. Sire, InterVarsity Press, 2004, P. 172. Hollywood Worldviews: Watching Films With Wisdom & Discernment, Brian Godawa, InterVarsity Press, 2002, P. 204. Worldviews: An Introduction to the History and Philosophy of Science, Richard DeWitt, Blackwell Publishing, Incorporated, 2004, P. Worldview: The History of a Concept, David K. Naugle, B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 2002, P. 384. Worldview Skills: Transforming Conflict from the Inside Out, Jessie Sutherland, Worldview Strategies, 2005, P. 183. Arab Representations of the Occident: East-West Encounters in Arabic Fiction (Culture and Civilization in the Middle East), Rasheed El-Enany, Routledge, 2006, P. 255. The Universe Next Door: A Basic Worldview Catalog, James W. Sire, InterVarsity Press; 4th edition, 2004, P. 252 A Spectrum of Worldviews: An Introduction to Philosophy of Religion in a Pluralistic World, Hendrik M. Vroom, Editions Rodopi BV, 2006, P. 342 The impact of cross-cultural experience on worldviews (China), Haiwen Yang, PhD (year: 2005), Reno: University of Nevada, 2006, P. 97. War of the World Views, Multiple, Kerby Lisle, New Leaf Press, 2006, P. 176. The Science of Oneness: A Worldview for the Twenty-First Century, Malcolm Hollick, O Books, 2006, P. 447. World's Religions: Worldviews and Contemporary Issues, William A. A. Young, Pearson Education, 2004, P. 432 Existo: Worldview and a Meaningful Existence, Neil Soggie, Hamilton Books, 2005, P. 148. Worldviews: Think for Yourself About How You See God (Think Reference Series), John M. Yeats, John Blase, Mark Tabb (Editor), NavPress Publishing Group, 2006, P. 228 Rebuild Your Worldview to be Healthy, James W. Stark Jr., Trafford Publishing, 2005, P. 310. Reflections in a Bloodshot Lens: America, Islam, and the War of Ideas, Lawrence Pintak, Pluto Press, 2006, P. 392 The World Is Flat: A Brief History of the Twenty-first Century, Thomas L. Friedman, Farrar Straus Giroux; Expanded and updated edition, 2006, P. 593. The Integration Of Faith And Learning: A Worldview Approach , Robert A. Harris, Cascade Books, 2004, P.314. Basic Principles of Islamic Worldview, Sayyid Qutb, Hamid Algar (Preface), Rami David (Translator), Islamic Pubns Intl, 2005, P.255. The Origin of Culture and Civilization: The Cosmological Philosophy of the Ancient Worldview Regarding Myth, Astrology, Science, and Religion, Thomas Dietrich, Turnkey Press, 2005, P. 360. للحصول على كامل المقالة مجانا يرجى النّقر على ملف ال PDF في اعلى يمين الصفحة.

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Abstract We present the results of the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636–536 study. We performed a temporal analysis of all available RXTE/All-Sky Monitor, RXTE/Proportional Counter Array, Swift/Burst Alert Telescope, and MAXI data collected until the middle of 2022. Within our analysis we confirmed the previously discovered quasiperiodicity of ≃45 days present during ∼2004, and we found that it continued until 2007. Moreover, we showed that similar periodicity also appeared in 2010 and 2011. At other epochs, the quasiperiodicity is only transient. We applied a time-dependent accretion disk model to the interval with the most significant X-ray quasiperiodicity. Although 4U 1636–536 is persistent, the observed quasiperiodicity can be well modeled by the hydrogen thermal-ionization instability occurring in the outer regions of the accretion disk. For our best model, the theoretical light curve’s period and amplitude agree well with those observed.

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The nature and frequency of mutations in the rpoB gene of M. tuberculosis (MBT) vary considerably in various geographical locations. There is no information on the prevalence of specific mutations in the rpoB gene of MBT isolated from patients in Kyrgyz Republic. In this work, we analyzed a distribution of the rpoB gene mutations in Kyrgyz Republic. A total of 380 rifampicin-sensitive and 225 rifampicin-resistant MBT cultures were analyzed to identify and to characterize mutations in the rpoB gene using a biological microchip assay. The biochip test determined 18 different mutation types in 8 codons of the rifampicin-resistant samples. The majority of mutations (180 of 225, or 80 %) were in the codons 531 and 526, mainly in the codon 531 (137 of 225, 60.8 %). The Ser531>Leu mutation (134 of 225, 59.4 %) was by far the most common. Another group of mutations were in the codon 526 (43 of 225, 19.1 %). Five different types of mutations were found in the codon 526 which were: His526®Tyr (4.9 %), His 526®Asp (4.9 %), His526®Arg (4.0 %), His526®Leu (3.5 %), and His526®Pro (1.8 %). The third group of common mutations were Leu511®Pro (6.3 %) and Asp516®Tyr (4.4 %). Other mutations found in the codons 533, 522, 513, and 512 were less frequent and had a very low rate comprising about 1.8 % of the total mutation number among 225 rifampicinresistant samples.

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The debate about diagnoses and treatment of attention deficit hyperactive disorder (ADHD) in children continue to range on between the developmental and biological perspectives. While there is increasing evidence that support the biological susceptibility of the disorder, a number of researches also emphasized the significant effect of environment on the syndrome. This study used developmental perspectives to evaluate and bring together various bio-psychosocial factors that impact on children diagnosed with ADHD. The study explored and integrated the existing and advancing study on ADHD to a more refined pattern that embraced developmental perspectives. The study also discussed how the linkage in childhood ADHD fits within the developmental psychopathology perspective. 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536 Background: The combination of low-dose interleukin-2 (IL-2) and 13-cis retinoic acid (RA) has been shown to decrease vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) of patients with MCC (Anticancer Res, 2005). Moreover, results of various studies have shown that the addition of IL-2 and RA to chemotherapy (CT) increased treatment efficacy, inducing a statistically significant decrease of VEGF, with a low cost. Methods: Patients with MCC, deemed unresectable, were given the following treatment for two consecutive days (D1-D2): Oxaliplatin 50 mg/m2, Leucovorin (LV), 200 mg/m2, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) 400 mg/m2, Capecitabine (C) 2,000 mg/m2 (FOCFOX). After 2 weeks Camptothecin, 90 mg/m2 (D1-D2), was administered with the same doses of LV, 5-FU and C (FOCFIRI) as first-line treatment of MCC. Subcutaneous IL-2 1.8 x 106 I.U. and oral RA, 0.5 mg/kg were given 5 days/week. Induction CT was administered for 12 courses, alternating FOCFOX and FOCFIRI, followed by maintenance treatment with the same schedule of IL-2 + RA, for 3 weeks/month. The primary endpoint was the decrease ≥ 30% of VEGF of patients with MCC. Secondary endpoints were the cost of IL-2 and RA with respect to bevacizumab, toxicity, progression- free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Results: From 08/2000 to 08/2006, fifty-four patients with MCC were entered into the trial. After a median follow up of 64 months (95% CI 62-85%), a statistically significant > 30% (p<0.001) decrease of VEGF was observed. Costs of therapy were $ 304.00/month for IL-2/RA and $ 1,700.00/month for bevacizumab (82% cost reduction). The most common adverse events of CT were grade 3/4 neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocythopenia, and anemia in 33%, 9%, 2%, and 2% of patients, respectively, peripheral neuropathy in 10% of patients. Mild cutaneous skin rash, fever and autoimmune reactions were observed in the patients who received the maintenance immunotherapy. PFS at 10 months was 76% (95% CI 62-86). Median PFS was 27.8 months, while median OS was 48.8 months. Conclusions: These data show that maintenance immunotherapy with low-dose IL-2 and oral RA in patients with MCC has a low toxicity profile, is cost effective, decrease VEGF and seems to improve expected PFS and OS. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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В работе анализируются формы и мофологические детали керамики николаевской (смольнинской) культуры Приморья X–XII вв. на основе опубликованных и неопубликованных источников. Рассматривается история исследования культуры и даётся краткая характеристика памятников. Анализируется керамический материал, полученный в разное время в долинах рек Партизанской, Сергеевки, Арсеньевки, Уссури. В результате исследования были выявлены типичные формы керамики рассматриваемой культуры, выделены горшки, корчаги, пароварки, которые являются наиболее часто встречающейся формой, а также миски и чаш, банки, вазы, крышки, которые определялись и систематизировались по археологически целым и частично сохранившимся сосудам. Выделенные сосуды находят свои аналогии в керамике средневековых культур Приморья: бохайской (698–926 гг.), покровской (ІХ–ХІІІ вв. н.э.), культуры населения Цзинь (1115–1234 гг.) и Восточное Ся (1215–1246 гг.), а также в культурах Корейского полуострова: в государстве Пэкче в периоды хансон (18 г. до н.э.–475 г. н. э) и саби (538–660 гг.). Определены морфологические особенности керамики николаевской (смольнинской) культуры, являющиеся, помимо сохранения следов выбивки в качестве технического орнамента, культурными признаками, характерными для данной керамической традиции. Донья, закруглённые на стыке дна и тулова, и формы ручек сосудов могут также выступать в качестве культурных маркеров. ЛИТЕРАТУРААртемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2003 году. Владивосток, 2004. / Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН. Артемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2004 году. Владивосток, 2005. / Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН.Артемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2005 году. Владивосток, 2006./ Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН. Артемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2007 году. Владивосток, 2008./ Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН.Артемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2009 году. Владивосток, 2010. / Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН.Артемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2010 году. Владивосток, 2011. / Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН.Артемьева Н.Г. Отчет об археологических исследованиях Николаевского городища в Партизанском районе Приморского края в 2011 году. Владивосток, 2012. / Архив ИИАЭ ДВО РАН. 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Se ha analizado químicamente el aceite esencial de orégano cultivado en el cantón El Empalme en Ecuador para aplicarlo como agente bioconservador en alimentos. Para ello se empleó cromatografía de gases acoplada con espectrometría de masas. Se identificó como componente principal el carvacrol con 62,41%, seguido de β-cariofileno 8,84%, α-bergamoteno 6,75%, p-cimeno 6,24%, geraniol 4,29%; y α-humuleno, β-felandreno, 1-octen-3-ol, oxido de cariofileno, 4-terpineol, E-citral, γ-terpineno, z-citral en pequeñas cantidades. El Carvacrol le otorga al orégano múltiples propiedades antioxidantes, microbiológicas y conservantes de alimentos, además de potenciales aplicaciones en perfumería y cosmética. Palabras Clave: Orégano, aceite esencial, cromatografía de gases, espectrometría de masas. Referencias [1]J. Bruneton, Farmacognosia. Fitoquímica, Plantas Medicinales, Zaragoza: Acribia, 2001. [2]N. Rodríguez, « Uso de agentes antimicrobianos naturales en la consevacion de frutas y hortalizas,» Ra Ximhai, vol. VII, pp. 153-170, 2011. [3]S. Burt, «Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods.,» Int J Food Microbiol, pp. 223-253, 2004. [4]J. Gutiérrez, G. Rodríguez, C. Barry-Ryan y P. Bourke, «Efficacy of plant essential oils against foodborne pathogens and spoilage bacteria associated whit ready-to-eat- vegetables: Antimicrobial and sensory screening.,» Journal of Food Protection, pp. 1846-1854, 2008. [5]R. Hulankova, G. Borilova y I. Steinhauserova, «Combined antimicrobial effect of oregano essential oil and caprylic acid in minced beef.,» Meat Science, pp. 190-194, 2013. [6]I. Fernández-Pan, M. Mendoza y J. Mate, «Whey protein isolate edible films essential oils incorporated to improve the microbial quality of poultry.,» Sci Food Agric, pp. 2986-2994, 2013. [7]L. Iturriaga, I. Olabarrieta y I. Maranon, «Antimicrobial assays of natural extracts and their inhibitory effect against Listeria innocua and fish spoilage bacteria, after incorporation into biopolymer edible films.,» Int J Food Microbiol, pp. 58-64, 2012. [8]C. Mera, V. Guerrón, S. Sánchez, J. Neira y R. Moreno, «Efecto del aceite esencial de orégano (Oreganum Vulgare L.) como agente antimicrobiano en la conservación de carne de dos especies de tilapia.,» Nutrición Clínica, Dietética y Hospitalaria, nº 39, pp. 35-36, 2019. [9]J. Soriano, Micotoxinas en alimentos, Ediciones Díaz de Santos: Madrid, 2007. [10]M. Pascual, K. Slowing, E. Carretero, M. Sánchez y A. Villar, « Lippia: Traditional uses, chemistry and pharmacology.,» Ethnopharmacol, pp. 201-214, 2001. [11]H. Peredo, E. Palou y A. López, «Aceites esenciales: métodos de extracción,» Temas selectos de ingeniería de alimentos, vol. 1, nº 3, pp. 24-32, 2009. [12]A. Kimbaris y N. D. D. Siatis, «Comparison of distillation and ultrasound - assisted extraction methods for the isolation of sensitive aroma compounds from garlic,» Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, vol. 13, pp. 54-60, 2006. [13]B. Bayramoglu, S. Shamin y G. Sumnu, «Solvent-free microwave extraction of essential oil from oregano,» Journal of food engineering, nº 88, pp. 535-540, 2008. [14]M. Golmakani y K. Rezaei, «Comparison of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation with the traditional hydrodistillation method in the extraction of essential oil from Thymus Vulgarus,» Food Chemistry, nº 101, pp. 1558-1564, 2008. [15]M. Ortuño, Manual práctico de aceites esenciales, aromas y perfumes, España: Aiyana, 2006. [16]A. Caldas, «Optimización, Escalamiento y Diseño de una Planta Piloto de Extracción Sólido Líquido,» Universidad de Cuenca , Cuenca, 2012. [17]M. Méndez, K. Bodero y S. Alvarado, «Biosíntesis de nanopartículas de hierro (FE3O4) en la remidacion de aguas contaminadas,» Universidad, Ciencia y Tecnología, vol. 24, nº 96, pp. 35-45, 2020. [18]J. Sercik, «Detector in gas chromatography,» Journal of Chromatography Library, vol. 4, pp. 34-42, 1975. [19]E. Gimeno, «Compuestos fenólicos. Un análisis de sus beneficios para la salud,» Offarm, vol. 23, nº 6, pp. 80-84, 2004. [20]J. Bello, Ciencia bromatológica: principios generales de los alimentos, Madrid: Díaz de Santos, 2000. [21]R. Fonnegra y S. Jiménez, «Plantas medicinales aprobadas en Colombia,» Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 2007. [22]N. Davies, «Gas chromatographoic retention indices of monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes on methyl silicone and carbowax 20 M. phases.,» Journal of Chromatography A, pp. 1-24, 1990.

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Discutir a promoção de saúde no contexto da qualidade de vida dos indivíduos/coletividade e no meio acadêmico é uma articulação política, teórica e metodológica, portanto esta pesquisa teve por objetivo analisar a produção científica sobre promoção da saúde registrada na Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes). Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática no banco de teses da Capes e analisados 678 trabalhos registrados entre 2000 e 2004 e identificadas as categorias curso, ano, região brasileira, área de conhecimento e resumo (tipo de estudo e coleta de dados). Constatou-se a predominância do curso de mestrado acadêmico com 531 (78,2%) pesquisas; entre os anos em que foram desenvolvidas as pesquisas sobre promoção da saúde, prevaleceu o ano de 2003, com 189 (27,8%) estudos, e entre as regiões brasileiras destacou-se a região Sudeste com 411 (60,5%) trabalhos. Na categoria área de conhecimento, preponderou a Saúde Coletiva com 138 (16%) pesquisas. No resumo do qual foi extraído o tipo de estudo, destacou-se a pesquisa qualitativa com 200 (29,4%) trabalhos. Conclui-se, portanto, que a produção científica na temática de promoção de saúde encontra-se progredindo, pois, no Brasil, a Política Nacional de Promoção de Saúde regularizou-se em 2004, sendo assim uma área em evidência para atuação interdisciplinar e descoberta de novas práticas e ações em saúde.

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На основе архивных документов в статье рассмотрена история формирования археологических коллекций Артиллерийского музея в Санкт-Петербурге, связанная, прежде всего с деятельность его заведующего с 1872 г. Н.Е. Бранденбурга. Увлекшись археологий и стремясь пополнить собрание музея предметами древнего и средневекового вооружения, он начал масштабные раскопки в Юго-Восточном Приладожье, Поднепровье и других регионах Российской империи. Часть материалов, полученных в ходе этих раскопок, поступала в Артиллерийский музей. Немалое количество предметов также передавала Императорская археологическая комиссия, финансировавшая некоторые исследования Бранденбурга, также как и Русское археологическое общество. В 1889 г. музей открылся для публики и со временем все больше археологических материалов появлялось в его экспозиции. В 1902 г. был издан Путеводитель – каталог по доисторическому отделу, в котором преобладали экспонаты более поздних эпох. В экспозицию были помещены погребения средневековых кочевников с конем, вырезанные монолитом «in situ». Это был один из первых опытов такого рода в российском музейном деле. Археологические предметы продолжали поступать из Археологической комиссии и после смерти Н.Е. Бранденбурга, благодаря деятельности нового руководителя музея – П.Д. Струкова и его помощника Н.М. Печенкина, в 1917 г. возглавившего музей. К 1912 г. общее количество археологических артефактов в экспозиции достигло 1250. Коллекции сильно пострадали во время наводнения 1924 г. и к 1932 г. были переданы в Государственный Эрмитаж. Библиографические ссылки Археология, история и архивное дело России в переписке профессора Д.Я.Самоквасова (1843–1911) / Сост., вступ. статья и коммен. С.П. Щавелёва. Курск: КГМУ, 2007. 506 с Археологические труды Н.М. Печёнкина // Гераклейский сборник. Вып. IV. / Отв. ред. Ю.А. Виноградов, Т.Н. Смекалова, Сост. Т.Н. Смекалова. СПб.: Алетейя, 2020. 216 с. Белецкий С.В., Платонова Н.И. Жизнь и труды Анатолия Николаевича Кирпичникова // Stratum plus. 2014. № 6. С. 17–26. Бранденбург Н.Е. Курганы Южного Приладожья / МАР. № 18. СПб., 1895. 156 с. Бранденбург Н.Е. Старая Ладога. СПб., 1896. 323 с. Бранденбург Н.Е. Путеводитель по С.-Петербургскому Артиллерийскому музею. I. Отдел доисторический. СПб., 1902. 89 с. Галанина Л.К. Скифские древности Поднепровья. (Эрмитажная коллекция Н.Е. Бранденбурга) / САИ. Вып. 8. М.: Наука, 1977. 33 с Галанина Л.К., Качалова Н.К. Археологическая коллекция Н.Е.Бранденбурга в Эрмитаже // Бомбардир. 2000. № 9. С. 17–20. Журнал раскопок Н.Е. Бранденбурга 1888–1902 гг.: Работы в губерниях: Киевской, Полтавской, Харьковской, Каменец-Подольской, Екатеринославской, Таврической, Черниговской, Могилевской, Новгородской, Смоленской и в Области Войска Донского. СПб.: T-во Р. Голике и А. Вильборг, 1908. 238 с. Императорская Археологическая Комиссия (1859–1917): К 150-летию со дня основания. У истоков отечественной археологии и охраны культурного наследия / Под ред. Е.Н.Носова. СПб.: Дмитрий Буланин, 2009. 1192 с. Качалова Н.К. Эрмитажная коллекция Н.Е. Бранденбурга. Эпоха бронзы / САИ. Вып. В4–12. М.: Наука, 1974. 56 с. Кирпичников А.Н. Николай Ефимович Бранденбург – выдающийся оружиевед, историк, археолог // Бранденбурговские чтения. Вып. 1. / гл. ред. Крылов В.М. СПб., 2003. С. 13–15. Кузнецова М.Д. Судьба коллекции Н.Е. Бранденбурга // Бранденбурговские чтения. Вып. 1. / гл. ред. Крылов В.М. СПб., 2003. С. 33–36. Лебедянская А.П. Артиллерийский исторический музей. Исторический очерк. (1703–1917). СПб.: ВИМАИВиВС, 2008. 111 с. Маковская Л.К. Николай Ефимович Бранденбург (очерк биографии) // Артиллерийский музей / Отв. ред. В.М. Крылов. СПб.: Арт-Паллас, 2001. С. 11–15. Непомнящий А.А. Николай Михайлович Печенкин // Репников Н.И., Бабенчиков П.П., Бабенчиков В.П., Веймарн Е.В. Гераклейский сборник 1936 г. / Ред. Ю.А. Виноградов, Т.Н. Смекалова. СПб.: Алетейя, 2018. С. 49–52. Печенкин Н. Памяти Н.Е. Бранденбурга // Артиллерийский журнал. 1905. № 7. С. 7–46. Первые пять лет деятельности Императорского Русского военно-исторического общества. 1907–1912. СПб., 1913. 66 с. Плетнева С.А. Древности черных клобуков / САИ. Вып. Е1–19.. М.: Наука, 1973. 96 с. Рудакова Л.П. Николай Михайлович Печенкин: штрихи к портрету // Бранденбурговские чтения. Вып. 1. / гл. ред. Крылов В.М. СПб., 2003. С. 28–32. Струков Д.П. Путеводитель по Артиллерийскому Историческому музею. СПб., 1912. 155 с. Тихонов И.Л. Записка Н.Е. Брандебурга «Об исследовании земляного городища в Старой Ладоге» // Программа «Храм». Чтения памяти Николая Ефимовича Бранденбурга / ред.-сост. А.К. Крылов, О.Ю. Крылова. СПб., 1995. С. 150–158. Тункина И.В. К биографии Николая Михайловича Печенкина: новые архивные материалы // Погребальная культура Боспорского царства. Материалы Круглого стола, посвящённого 100-летию со дня рождения Михаила Моисеевича Кубланова (1914–1998). (Санкт-Петербург, 25– 26 ноября 2014 г.). / Отв. Ред. В.Ю. Зуев, В.А. Хршановский. СПб.: Нестор-История, 2014. С. 233–238.

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What is pedagogization? What is childhood? And, what is the device? This article is based on a doctorate research which links these three concepts from a Foucault analysis. The starting point is the notion that the 18th century invests specifically in the body of the child, producing a series of practices which register into a pedagogization process of their sex. This process first occurs through silencing and denial of the existence of a child´s sexuality, but at the following moment, it will trigger off an explosion of practices which will exalt, explain, incite, “liberate”, treat, cure, etc, all the manifestations around their body. There is a hypothesis which crosses this debate and preconizes it is from the moment the child becomes one of the strategic groups of the sexuality device. According to Foucault, a heterogeneous set of regimes of truth and practices is also produce don’t of his child, in such way that, a specific manner of childhood living is shown to them. This way, childhood constitutes itself, as well as sexuality, as a historical power device. By corresponding to the characteristics of the device, the article shows the practices which framed the modern childhood, such as: Pedagogical Practices, Divider and gender an didentity Practices and Medical Practices. Through such practices, it is possible to observe the visibility and enunciation lines, as well as the strength and subjectivation ones, converging to frame the body of the child and to configure them as a way of living, behaving, playing, and expressing themselves. A movement which is precise and micropolitical: from the practices of discipline from the body to the childhood device. Resumo O que é a pedagogização? O que é a infância? E o que é o dispositivo? Este artigo se deriva de uma pesquisa de doutorado que entrelaça estes três conceitos a partir de uma analítica foucaultiana. O ponto de partida é a noção de que o século XVIII investe de maneira específica no corpo da criança, produzindo uma série de práticas que se inscrevem em um processo de pedagogização de seu sexo. Esta pedagogização, por sua vez, ocorre primeiramente por meio de um silenciamento e de uma negação da existência da sexualidade da criança, mas que em momento seguinte desencadeia uma explosão de práticas que irão, por outro lado, exaltar, explicar, incitar, “liberar”, tratar, curar etc., todas as suas manifestações em torno de seu corpo. Há uma hipótese que atravessa esse debate que entende que é a partir do momento em que a criança se torna um dos grupos estratégicos do dispositivo da sexualidade, tal como pressupõe Foucault, um conjunto heterogêneo de regimes de verdades e práticas é também produzido sobre esta criança, de maneira tal, que se desenha para ela um modo específico de viver a infância. Dessa maneira, a infância vai se constituindo, tal como a sexualidade, como um dispositivo histórico do poder. De forma correspondente às características do dispositivo, o artigo desenha as práticas que emolduraram a infância moderna, tais como: as Práticas pedagógicas, as Práticas divisórias e identitárias de gênero e de sexualidade e as Práticas médicas. Observa-se, nessas práticas, as linhas de visibilidade e de enunciação, as de força e as de subjetivação, todas convergindo de maneira a esquadrinhar o corpo da criança e a configurar para ela um modo de viver, de se portar, de se vestir, de habitar, de brincar, de se expressar. Um movimento que é preciso e micropolítico: das práticas de disciplinamento do corpo ao dispositivo da infância. Keywords: Childhood, Sexuality, Device, Pedagogization.Palavras-chave: Infância, Sexualidade, Dispositivo, Pedagogização.ReferencesAGAMBEN, Giorgio. O que é um dispositivo? Outra travessia, número 5, ISSN 2176-8552, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. 2005.AGAMBEN, Giorgio. Qu´est-ce qu´um dispositif? Paris: Éditions Payot&Rivages, 2007.ANJOS, Gabriele dos. Maternidade, cuidados do corpo e “civilização” na Pastoral da Criança. Estudos Feministas, Florianópolis, 15(1): 280, jan.-abr./2007.ARIÈS, Philippe. História social da criança e da família. 2ª. Ed. Rio de janeiro: LTC, 1981.BADINTER, Elizabeth. O mito do amor materno. Rio de Janeiro: Nova Fronteira, 1985.BOTO Carlota. Crianças à prova da escola: impasses da hereditariedade e a nova pedagogia em Portugal da fronteira entre os séculos XIX E XX. Revista Brasileira de História. São Paulo, v. 21, nº 40, p. 237-264. 2001.BUJES, Maria Isabel Edelweiss. A invenção do eu infantil: dispositivos pedagógicos em ação. Revista Brasileira de Educação. Set/Out/Nov/Dez, nº 21, 2000a.BUJES, Maria Isabel Edelweiss. O fio e a trama: as crianças nas malhas do poder. Educação e Realidade, 4(1), 25-44, 2000b.BUJES, Maria Isabel Edelweiss. Infância e maquinarias. Rio de Janeiro: DP&A, 2002.BUJES, Maria Isabel Edelweiss. Artes de governar a infância: Linguagem e naturalização da criança na Abordagem de educação infantil da Réggio Emília. Educação em revista | Belo Horizonte | N. 48 | p. 101-123 | Dez. 2008.BUTLER, Judith. Corpos que pesam: sobre os limites discursivos do “sexo”. In: LOURO, Guacira Lopes. O corpo educado: pedagogias da sexualidade. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, 2007, p. 153-172. 176p.BUTLER, Judith. Problemas de gênero – feminismo e subversão da identidade. Rio de janeiro: Civilização Brasileira, 2008. 236p.CARVALHO, Marília Pinto de. O fracasso escolar de meninos e meninas: articulações entre gênero e cor/raça. Cadernos Pagú (22) 2004, pp.247-290.CARVALHO, Marília Pinto de. O conceito de gênero: uma leitura com base nos trabalhos do GT Sociologia da Educação da ANPed (1999-2009). In: Revista Brasileira de Educação, Rio de Janeiro, v.16, no. 46, jan/abr, 2011, p.99-118.CÉSAR, Maria Rita de Assis; DUARTE, André. Governo dos corpos e escola contemporânea: pedagogia do fitness. Educação e Realidade. Maio/agosto, p. 119-134, 2009.CORAZZA, S. Mara. História da infância sem fim. 1ª. Ed. Ijuí- RS: UNIJUÍ, 2000. V. 1. 392 p.CORAZZA, S. M. Infância & Educação – Era uma Vez... Quer que Conte Outra Vez? Petrópolis: Vozes, 2002.CORAZZA, S. M. O que faremos com o que fizemos da infância? Apresentação de trabalho/Palestra. Universidade Federal do Rio grande do Sul – texto disponível em <http://www.grupalfa.com.br/arquivos/eventos_trabalhos/TEXTOS%20SIMP%C3%93SIO%20(SANDRA%20MARA%20CORAZZA).pdf>. Acesso em 25 de setembro de 2011.CRUZ, Tânia Mara; CARVALHO, Marília Pinto de. Jogos de gênero: o recreio numa escola de ensino fundamental. Cadernos Pagu (26), janeiro-junho de 2006: pp.113-143.DANZELOT, Jacques. A polícia das famílias. Rio de Janeiro: Edições Graal Ltda., 1980.DEL PRIORE, Mary. História da infância no Brasil. São Paulo: Contexto, 1998.DELEUZE, Gilles. Foucault. São Paulo: Editora Brasiliense, 1988.DELEUZE, Gilles. Que és un dispositivo? In: BALIBAR, E.; DREYFUS, H.; DELEUZE, G. et al. Michel Foucault, Filósofo. Barcelona: Gedisa, p. 155-163, 1999.FELIPE, Jane. Afinal, quem é mesmo pedófilo? Cadernos Pagu (26), pp.201-223. Janeiro-junho de 2006.FERNANDES, Rogério. Orientações Pedagógicas Das “Casas De Asilo Da Infância Desvalida” (1834-1840). Cadernos de Pesquisa, Nº 109, p. 89-114, Março/2000b.FOUCAULT, Michel. Vigiar e punir: nascimento da prisão. Petrópolis: Vozes, 1987, 288p.FOUCAULT, M. Em defesa da sociedade. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2005.FOUCAULT, Michel. Os anormais. São Paulo: Martins Fontes, 2001.FOUCAULT, Michel. História da Sexualidade, vol. 1 - A vontade de saber. 3ª edição, Rio de Janeiro: Graal, 1977.FOUCAULT, Michel. Por que estudar o poder: a questão do sujeito. In: DREYFUS, H.L.; RABYNOW, P. Michel Foucault – Uma trajetória filosófica: para além do estruturalismo e da hermenêutica. Rio de Janeiro: Forense Universitária, 1995. p. 231- 251.FOUCAULT, Michel. Microfísica do poder. 26ª. Edição. Rio de Janeiro: Edições Graal, 2008.FREITAS, Marcos Cesar (Org.). História social da infância no Brasil. 9ª edição. São Paulo: Editora Cortez, 2009.GONDRA, José G. A sem*nteira do por vir: higiene e infância no século XIX. Educação e Pesquisa, São Paulo, v.26, n.1, p.99-117, jan./jun. 2000.GOUVÊA, Maria Cristina Soares de; JINZENJI, Mônica Yumi. Escolarizar para moralizar: discursos sobre a educabilidade da criança pobre (1820-1850). Revista Brasileira de Educação v. 11 n. 31 jan./abr, p. 114-132, 2006.GOUVÊA, Maria Cristina Soares de. Estudos sobre desenvolvimento humano no século XIX da Biologia à Psicogenia. Cadernos de Pesquisa, v. 38, n. 134, p. 535-557, Maio/Ago. 2008.LOURO, Guacira Lopes. Gênero, sexualidade e educação: das afinidades políticas às tensões teórico-metodológicas. Educação em Revista. Belo Horizonte, n. 46, p. 201-218. Dez. 2007a.LOURO, Guacira Lopes. Pedagogias da sexualidade. In: LOURO, Guacira Lopes. O corpo educado: pedagogias da sexualidade. Belo Horizonte: Autêntica, p.8-34, 2007b. 176p.MACHADO, Paula Sandrine. O sexo dos anjos: um olhar sobre a anatomia e a produção do sexo (como se fosse) natural. Cadernos Pagu (24), janeiro-junho de 2005, pp.249-281.MARQUES, Vera Regina Beltrão. Histórias de higienização pelo trabalho: crianças paranaenses no novecentos. Cad. Cedes, Campinas, v. 23, n. 59, p. 57-78, Abril 2003. Disponível em http://www.cedes.unicamp.brMORUZZI, Andrea Braga. A infância como dispositivo: uma abordagem foucaultiana para pensar a educação. Conjectura: filosofia e educação, Caxias do Sul, v.22, n. 2, p. 279-299, 2017.MORUZZI, Andrea Braga. A pedagogização do sexo das crianças: do corpo ao dispositivo da infância. 2012. 198f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Federal de São Carlos. São Carlos, UFSCar, 2012.MORUZZI, Andrea Braga; ABRAMOWICZ, Anete. Pressupostos teórico-metodológicos da genealogia: composições para um debate na educação. Filosofia e Educação, v.2, n.2, p.168-181, 2010.NARODOWSKI, Mariano. Infância e poder – a conformação da pedagogia moderna. 1993. 229f. Tese (Doutorado em Educação), Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Unicamp, 1993.RAGO, Margareth. Descobrindo historicamente o gênero. Cadernos Pagu (11): 1998, pp. 89-98.RIBEIRO, Jucélia Santos Bispo. “Brincar de osadia”: sexualidade e socialização infanto-juvenil no universo de classes populares. Cad. Saúde Pública, Rio de Janeiro, 19 (Sup. 2): S345-S353, 2003.RIBEIRO, Claudia Regina Santos. Uma certa banda de música: representações sobre a hom*ossexualidade numa escola pública. Educação e Realidade, V 32 (2), p. 23-48, julho/dez, 2007.ROCHA, Heloísa Helena Pimenta. Educação escolar e higienização da infância. Cad. Cedes, Campinas, v. 23, n. 59, p. 39-56, abril 2003. Disponível em http://www.cedes.unicamp.brSCHUELER, Alessandra Frota Martinez de. A “infância desamparada” no asilo agrícola de Santa Isabel: instrução rural e infantil (1880 – 1886). Educação e Pesquisa, São Paulo, v.26, n.1, p.119-133, jan./jun. 2000.SCOTT, Joan. Gênero: uma categoria útil de análise histórica. Educação e Realidade, Porto Alegre, v.2, n.20, p.71-100, jul./dez.1995.SOUZA, Érica Renata de. Marcadores sociais da diferença e infância: relações de poder no contexto escolar. Cadernos Pagu (26), janeiro-junho de 2006, pp.169-199.VEYNE, Paul. Foucault, o pensamento, a pessoa. Lisboa: edições Texto & Grafia, Ltda. 2009.VIANNA, Claudia; FINCO, Daniela. Meninas e meninos na Educação Infantil: uma questão de gênero e poder. Cad. Pagu [online]. 2009, n.33, pp. 265-283. ISSN 0104-8333. doi: 10.1590/S0104-83332009000200010.

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Abstract One of major hurdles to achieving good patient outcomes and survival rates in allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) after myeloablative conditioning is the high rate of transplant-related mortality (TRM). Much progress in supportive patient care has been accomplished over the last decade-notably the use of allelic HLA-matching (Yakoub-Agha, JCO 2006), the introduction of enteral nutrition (Seguy, Transplantation 2004), the development of wireless video-capsule endoscopy for the management of post-transplant diarrhea (Yakoub-Agha, Transplantation 2005), the availability of broad-spectrum antifungal prophylaxis, the use of busulfan IV instead of PO in the conditioning regimen, limitation of the use of ATG in graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) treatment and dose reduction when the latter drug is used in conditioning. Although all these various modifications have had a positive impact on short-term patient outcomes, their impact on long-term survival is still unclear. Hence, the main objective of the present study was to evaluate allo-CST outcomes as a function of the transplantation period. A total 445 patients have undergone post-myeloablation allo-CST in our department. The patient distribution over the time was as follows: prior to 1998 (first period): n=133; between 1998 and 2003 (second period): n=154; between 2003 and 2007 (third period): n=158. Only the first transplant for a given individual was taken into account. Kaplan-Meyer curves were plotted for 100-day survival, 180-day survival and 3-year survival for each time period. Setting aside the clear differences in supportive care methods, the three groups were well matched in terms of disease diagnosis, disease status at transplant and the main recipient and donor characteristics. It is noteworthy, however, that the median age of patients increased over time. Mean 100-day survival was 86 days (95% CI: 81–90), 93 days (95% CI: 90–96) and 96 days (95% CI: 94–98) for the first, second and third periods, respectively (p&lt;.0001). Mean 180-day survival was 137 days (95% CI: 126–147), 157 days (95% CI: 150–164) and 165 days (95% CI: 160–171) for the first, second and third periods, respectively (p&lt;.0001). The improvement in short-term survival has translated into an improvement in long-term survival, as the mean 3-year survival was 513 days (95% CI: 437–591), 705 days (95% CI: 635–775) and 782 days (95% CI: 715–850) for the first, second and third periods, respectively (p&lt;0.0001). Median survival was 339 days (95% CI: 145–533) for the first period but has not yet been reached for the two other periods. While we observed a significant reduction in TRM over the three periods, post-transplantation relapse is still a major complication which impacts negatively on long-term patient outcomes. In conclusion, this study highlights the positive impact of supportive care on both short-term patient outcomes and long-term survival after myeloablative allo-CST. The most recent data on myeloablative allo-CST must be taken into account before ruling out the latter as treatment option. Although supportive care will doubtless continue to progress, further research into reducing the post-transplantation relapse rate must now become a priority.

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Active demethylation of paternal DNA in zygotes has been documented for many mammalian species, including mouse (Mayer et al. 2000 Nature 403, 501–505), rat (Zaitseva et al. 2007 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 74, 1255–1261), pig (Fulka et al. 2006 Histochem. Cell. Biol. 126, 213–217), hom*o sapiens (Fulka et al. 2004 Reproduction 128, 703–708), and cow (Beaujean et al. 2004 Curr. Biol. 14, 266–267). The generality of this concept has been challenged by reports stating that there is no detectable genome-wide paternal DNA demethylation in rabbit (Shi et al. 2004 Biol. Reprod. 71, 340–347) and ovine (Beaujean et al. 2004 Curr. Biol. 14, 266–267), whereas others report partial evidence for the opposite (Zhang et al. 2005 Mol. Reprod. Dev. 72, 530–533). In order to compare the fate of DNA and histone H3 methylation (H3/K4triMe and H3/K9diMe), we performed studies on mouse, bovine, and rabbit zygotes using specific antibodies in an indirect immunofluorescence approach. We observed a similar distribution of these epigenetic modifications in maternal and paternal pronuclei of the zygote, indicating that the overall epigenetic reprogramming activities — including the DNA demethylation of the paternal pronucleus — are conserved between mammalian species. For all 3 species we found a clear asymmetry in mouse monoclonal antimethylcytosine (MeC) antibody signal intensities between paternal and maternal pronuclei at advanced stages, which suggests the presence of paternal DNA demethylation. To obtain additional evidence for the presence of DNA demethylation activity in rabbit zygotes, we examined 1-cell embryos after somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) using rabbit fetal fibroblasts as nuclear donors, and we found a strong signal reduction in SCNT embryos 4 h after activation. For the majority of SCNT 1-cell embryos, we estimated at least a 4- to 6-fold decrease of MeC signal. Along with the similarities of DNA demethylation kinetics in rabbit, mouse, and bovine zygotes, we found a conserved distribution of H3/K4triMe and H3/K9diMe signals on maternal and paternal chromatin. In all 3 species, H3/K4triMe, which predominantly demarcate open chromatin, is present in both pronuclear chromatin, whereas H3/K9diMe, a hallmark of condensed chromatin, is strongly enriched in maternal pronuclear chromatin and undetectable in paternal chromatin. Furthermore, we observed a similar asymmetric compartmentalization of paternal and maternal chromosomes in early 2-cell rabbit and bovine embryos as monitored by H3/K9diMe, which marks maternally derived chromosomes. In summary, our data suggest that mechanisms of epigenetic reprogramming are conserved in mammalian species both on the level of DNA and chromatin methylation.

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The aim of this short review is to recall various designs of diffraction gratings when the condition of the period’s identity is relaxed and to mention resulting thus some of their applications. Among others the apodization function can be implemented as a variable diffraction efficiency due to the gradual change of the period’s shape. Another possible application is the passive achromatization of the diffraction efficiency of the blazed gratings by randomizing their blaze angle. Full Text: PDF ReferencesP. Jacquinot and B. Roizen-Dossier, "II Apodisation", Prog. Opt. 3, 29 (1964). CrossRef H. Bartelt, "Computer-generated holographic component with optimum light efficiency", Appl. Opt. 23, 1499 (1984). CrossRef H. Bartelt, "Applications of the tandem component: an element with optimum light efficiency", Appl. Opt. 24, 3811 (1985). CrossRef N. Château, D. Phalippou, and P. Chavel, "A method for splitting a gaussian laser beam into two coherent uniform beams", Opt. 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CrossRef A. Kowalik et al. "Apodised linear axicons", Proc. SPIE 7141, 714125 (2008). CrossRef M.J. Simpson, "Diffractive multifocal intraocular lens image quality", Appl. Opt. 31, 3621 (1992). CrossRef J.A. Davison and M.J. Simpson, "History and development of the apodized diffractive intraocular lens", J. Cataract Refract. Surg. 32, 849 (2006). CrossRef J.C. Alfonso et al. "Prospective visual evaluation of apodized diffractive intraocular lenses", J Cataract Refract Surg. 33, 1235 (2007). CrossRef F. Vega, F. Alba-Bueno, and M.S. Millán, "Energy Distribution between Distance and Near Images in Apodized Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses", Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 52, 5695 (2011). CrossRef F. Vega et al. "Halo and Through-Focus Performance of Four Diffractive Multifocal Intraocular Lenses", Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 56, 3967 (2015). CrossRef J.P. Guigay, "On Fresnel Diffraction by One-dimensional Periodic Objects, with Application to Structure Determination of Phase Objects", Opt. Acta 18 677 (1971). CrossRef V. Arrizon and J. Ojeda-Castañeda, "Irradiance at Fresnel planes of a phase grating", J. Opt. Soc. Am. A 9, 1801 (1992). CrossRef G. Serrano-Heredia, G. Lu, P. Purwosumarto, and F.T.S. Yu, "Measurement of the phase modulation in liquid crystal television based on the fractional-Talbot effect", Opt. Eng. 35, 2680 (1996). CrossRef Z. Jaroszewicz et al. "Determination of the step height of the binary phase grating from its Fresnel images", Optik 111, 207 (2000). CrossRef L. Martínez-León et al. "Phase calibration of spatial light modulators by means of Fresnel images", J. Opt. A: Pure Appl. Opt. 11, 125405 (2009). CrossRef J.M. Rico-García and L.M Sanchez-Brea "Binary gratings with random heights", Appl. Opt. 48, 3062 (2009). CrossRef R. Brunner, Diffractive optical elements, in Springer Handbook of Lasers and Optics, F. Träger, ed., 2nd ed. (Springer, 2012), pp. 454-461. DirectLink Y. Arieli et al. "Design of diffractive optical elements for multiple wavelengths", Appl. Opt. 37, 6174 (1998). CrossRef Y. Arieli et al. "Design of a diffractive optical element for wide spectral bandwidth", Opt. Lett. 23, 823 (1998). CrossRef B.H. Kleemann, M. Seeßelberg, and J. Ruoff, "Design concepts for broadband high-efficiency does", J. Eur. Opt. Soc. Rapid 3, 08015 (2008). CrossRef T. Gühne and J. Barth, "Strategy for design of achromatic diffractive optical elements with minimized etch depths", Appl. Opt. 52, 8419 (2013). CrossRef H. Lajunen, J. Turunen, and J. Tervo, "Design of polarization gratings for broadband illumination", Opt. Express 13, 3055 (2005). CrossRef H. Lajunen, J. Tervo, and J. Turunen, "High-efficiency broadband diffractive elements based on polarization gratings", Opt. Lett 29, 803 (2004). CrossRef J. Pietarinen, T. Vallius, and J. 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Abstract Abstract 4424 Background. Chronic Myeloid Leukemia represents the first human cancer in which a molecular therapy produces an effective clinical response (Holtz Blood 99:3792-800, 2002). The imatinib mesylate (IM) (Novartis Pharmaceuticals™) is a drug, that was designated to inhibit selectively certain tyrosine kinase proteins involved in the process of oncogenesis (Guilhot, The Oncologist, 9:271-81, 2004). In 2005, Michor (Nature 435:1267-70), through mathematical model, concluded that imatinib efficiently reduces the differentiated leukemic cells population, but it has not the same effect on the cell population that drives this disease, the CD34+ leukemic stem cells, which can be kept alive during the treatment. The search for the main causes of imatinib resistance has been intensified in recent years, with a special focus on the possible role of drug transporters (Apperley, Lancet Oncol 8:1018–29, 2007; Baker and Reddy, Mount Sinai J Med, 77:573–86, 2010). These proteins are the main determinants of the intracellular drug concentration, and how they actively regulating the traffic of small molecules through the cell membrane (Melo, Blood 108:1116-7, 2006). Thus, a cell can be resistant to a drug, because the optimum amount of the drug does not stay inside it to a significant effect to be achieved (Kim, Toxicology 182:291-7, 2002). Purpose. Identify differentially expressed genes in CD34+ and CD66b+ cells as candidates for IM transport. Methods. Samples of bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) were obtained from five patients with CML treated with imatinib in better then optimal response according to European LeukemiaNet criteria (Baccarani, Blood 108:1809-20, 2006). Cells Isolation and RNA extraction. CD34+ cells were isolated from BM of five patients with CML. Likewise, mature CD66b+ PB cells were isolated from the same patients. SOLiD sequencing and sequence analysis. cDNA was sequenced according to the manufacturer's protocols for the SOLiD Total RNA-Seq kit for whole transcriptome. Data Analysis. To characterize the class genes, we analyzed the Gene Ontology (GO) annotation (Ashburner, Nature Genetics 25:25-9, 2000), and the software Cufflinks (Trapnell, Nature Biotechnology 28:511–15, 2010) were used to identify the differential expression of genes in both samples, in patients (BM × PB) and in control (BM × PB). The difference in gene expression between compared samples, were calculated based on P < 0.05 significance, were called differentially expressed genes those who submit P ≤ 0.05. Results. In pool sample of patients, it was possible to identify the genes SLC22A1 (OCT1) – in both, BM and PB pool samples, without any significant change (p ≤ 0,05) - and SLCO1A2 (OATP1A2) – only in PB sample. Thus its presence could not be identified in any of the control samples, which may reinforce the fact that these channels are actually responsible for the influx of imatinib in cells from patients undergoing treatment (Crossman, Blood:1133-4, 2005; Hu, Clin Cancer Res 14:3141–8, 2008). The presence of ABC gene family (ABCB1; ABCG2; ABCC1), described in the literature as being responsible for imatinib efflux (Jordanides, Blood 108: 1370–3, 2006; Brendel, Leukemia 21:1267–75, 2007) were found only in BM cells of patients. The presence of other two genes responsible for the drug efflux was also found exclusively in BM pool sample of patients, SLC47A1 and SLC47A2. These genes known as Human multidrug and toxin extrusion (MATE1 and MATE2) have also being identified as one important efflux mechanism of various drugs (Yonezawa and Inui, British J Pharmacol, 164:1817–25, 2011; Minematsu and Giacomini, Mol Cancer Ther, 10:531–9, 2011). Conclusion. The presence of more drug influx channels - the SLC family (OCT1 and OATP1A2) in mature cell - and absence of drug efflux channels - family ABC (ABCB1, ABCG2, ABCC1) and MATE genes (SLC47A1 and SLC47A2) - and the reverse in stem cells (CD34+) of patients with CML analyzed in this study may be the answer of why the insensitivity of CD34+ cells to treatment with IM and consequent failure to eliminate minimal residual disease. These genes can be candidates to therapeutic targets in CML. Disclosures: Lemos: Novartis of Brazil: Research Funding.

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Шашенкова, А., Шукалова, О. (2022). Інтегративна модель соціо-емоційної компетентності. Knowledge, Education, Law, Management, 2 (46), 158-165. Ahmad, S., Peterson, E., Waldie, K., Morton, S. (2019). Development of an Index of Socio-Emotional Competence for Preschool Children in the Growing Up in New Zealand Study. Assessment, Testing and Applied Measurement, 4. Coelho, V., Sousa, V., Marchante, M. (2015). Development and Validation of the Social and Emotional Competencies Evaluation Questionnaire. Journal of Educational and Developmental Psychology, 5 (1), 139-147. EdCampUkraine. Соціально-емоційне та етичне навчання. Retrieved from https://www.edcamp.ua/seelukraine/ Faupel, A. (2003). Communities. Slough: National Foundation for Educational Research. Lions Clubs International. District 134 Ukraine. Retrieved from http://www.lions.org.ua/ Meyer, Ch., Hagmann-von Arx, P., Grob, A. (2009). Die Intelligence and Development Scale Sozial-Emotionale Kompetenz (IDS-SEK): Psychometrische Eigenschaften eines Tests zur Erfassung sozial-emotionaler Fähigkeiten. Diagnostica, 55 (4), 234-244. Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30 (4), 526-537. Zhou, M., Ee, J. (2012). Development and Validation of the Social Emotional Competence Questionnaire (SECQ). The international journal of emotional education, 4 (2), 27-42.

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Измерены спектры поглощения пара монохлорида индия, находящегося в состояниях насыщенного и ненасыщенного пара относительно расплава InCl в присутствии расплава металлического индия. Спектры исследованы в интервале длин волн 200 – 400 nm и диапазоне температур 225 – 850 °C. Показано, что в этих условиях пар состоит из молекул InCl и в пределах чувствительности эксперимента не содержит других молекулярных форм хлоридов индия. В ходе нуль-манометрического эксперимента найдена температурная зависимость ln pInCl = = – A/T + b давления насыщенного пара в трехфазном равновесии LIn – LInCl – V, параметры которой составили: A = – 10255 ± 69 К, b = 10,95 ± 0.08 (давление – относительно стандартного 1 atm). Показано, что угловой коэффициент A хорошо согласуется с угловым коэффициентом температурной зависимости коэффициента поглощения ln Tk() = – A/T + B() при различных длинах волн. Это позволяет рассматривать высокотемпературную спектрофотомерию пара как альтернативу прямому манометрическому эксперименту. При сопоставлении манометрических и спектрофотометрических данных определены значения молярного коэффициента экстинкции InCl в ненасыщенном паре для максимумов полос поглощения. Найдено, что этот коэффициент слабо линейно зависит от температуры, убывая или возрастая на разных длинах волн. ИСТОЧНИК ФИНАНСИРОВАНИЯ Работа выполнена при финансовой поддержке РФФИ, проект 18-33-00900-мол-а. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Sen D., Heo N., Sef K. Phys. Chem. C, 2012, vol. 116, no. 27, pp. 14445–14453. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp303699u Kitsinelis S., Zissis G., Fokitis E. Physics D: Appl. Phys., 2009, vol. 42, p. 045209 (8 pp). https://doi.org/10.1088/0022-3727/42/4/045209 Hayashi D., Hilbig R., Körber A., et al. Phys. Letters, 2010, vol. 96, p. 061503. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3318252 Binnewies M., Schmidt M., Schmidt P. Anorg. Allg. Chem., 2017, vol. 643, pp. 1295–1311. https://doi.org/10.1002/zaac.201700055 Zavrazhnov A. Y., Turchen D. N., Naumov A. V., Zlomanov V. P. Phase Equilibria., 2003, vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 330-339. https://doi.org/10.1361/105497103770330316 Fedorov P. I., Akchurin R. Kh. Indium. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2000, 276 p. (in Russ.) Zavrazhnov A. Yu., Naumov A. V., Pervov V. S., Riazhskikh M. V. Thermochimica Acta, 2012, vol. 532, pp. 96–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2010.10.004 Zavrazhnov A. Yu., Naumov A. V., Sergeeva A. V., Sidei V. I. Inorganic Materials, 2007, vol. 43, no. 11, pp. 1167–1178. https://doi.org/10.1134/s0020168507110039 Zavrazhnov A. Yu, Kosyakov A. V, Sergeeva A. V., Berezin S. S. Condensed Matter and Interphases, vol. 17, no. 4, pp. 417 – 436. URL: https://journals.vsu.ru/kcmf/article/view/87/190 (in Russ.) Brebrick R. F. Phase Equilibria and Diffusion, 2005, vol. 26 no. 1, pp. 20 – 21. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11669-005-0054-z Kuniga Y., Hosaka M. Cryst. Growth, 1975, vol. 28, pp. 385–391. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0248(75)90077-9 Froslie H. M., Winans J. G. Rev., 1947, vol. 72, iss. 6, pp. 481–491. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.72.481 Jones W. E., McLean T. D. Molecular Spectroscopy, 1991, vol. 150, iss. 1, pp. 195-200. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(91)90202-l Vempati S. N., Jones W. E. Molecular Spectroscopy, vol. 132, iss. 2, pp. 458–466. https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2852(88)90339-6 Kunia Y., Hosada S., Hosuka M. Denki Kagaku – Technical Paper, 1974, vol. 42, pp. 20–25. Robert C. Phys. Acta, 1936, vol. 9, pp. 405–436. Fedorov P. I., Mokhosoyev M. V. Gallium, Indium and Thallium Chemistry. Novosibirsk, Nauka Publ., 1977, 224 p. (in Russ.) Dritz M. E., Budberg P. ., Burkhanov G. S., et al. Properties of the Elements. Handbook, ed. by Dritz M. E. Moscow, Metallurgia Publ., 1985, 672 p. (in Russ.) Bronnikov A. D., Valilevskaya I., Niselson L. A. Izv. AN. SSSR. Metally, 1974, no. 4, pp. 54–57. (in Russ.) Zavrazhnov A. Yu. Doct. chem. sci. Voronezh, 2004, 340 p. Zavrazhnov A. Yu. Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry, 2003, vol. 48, no. 10, pp. 1577–1590. (in Russ.) Brebrick R. F., Su C.-H. Phase Equilibria, 2002, vol. 23, 2002, pp. 397–408. https://doi.org/10.1361/105497102770331343 Suvorov A. V. Thermodynamicheskaya chimia paroobraznogo sostoyania [Thermodynamic Chemistry Vapor State]. Leningrad, Chimia Publ., 1970, 208 p. (in Russ.)

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The aim of this paper was to identify which psycholinguistic variables are better predictors of performance for healthy participants in a picture naming task and in a picture categorization task. A correlation analysis and a Path analysis were carried out. The correlation analysis showed that naming accuracy and naming latency are significant and positively correlated with lexical frequency and conceptual familiarity variables, whereas they are negatively correlated with H index. Reaction times in the categorization task were negatively correlated with lexical frequency and conceptual familiarity variables and positively correlated with visual complexity variable. The Path analysis showed that subjective lexical frequency and H index are the better predictors for picture naming task. In picture categorization task, for reaction times, the better predictor variables were subjective lexical frequency, conceptual familiarity and visual complexity. 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e19003 Background: Acute panmyelosis with myelofibrosis (APMF) is a rare subtype of acute myeloid leukemia characterized by acute panmyeloid proliferation with increased blasts, cytopenias with bone marrow fibrosis, and absence of splenomegaly. There is a paucity of population-based studies of APMF. Methods: We queried the United States Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database and National Cancer Database (NCDB) using the ICD-O-3 code 9931/3. The SEER 17 registries (2004-2015) were used to find data on incidence. For NCDB data, comorbid disease burden was calculated using the Charlson-Deyo Score (CDS). Hazard ratios (HR) with confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a Cox proportional hazards model. Overall survival (OS) was estimated with the Kaplan-Meier method. Variables significant in univariable analysis were included in a multivariable analysis. Results: We identified 260 APMF patients using the SEER database. Incidence was 0.3 cases/million individuals and did not change significantly from 2004-2015. With a median follow up of 6.9 years (95% CI 6.1-7.8), the median OS was 2.3 years (95% CI 1.7-2.8). We identified 530 APMF patients using the NCDB. The median age at diagnosis was 67 years (range 22-90) and 311 (59%) were male. With a median follow up of 5.0 years (95% CI 3.0-7.6), the median OS was 2.3 years (95% CI: 0.8-6.5). OS was 69%, 31%, and 18% at 1-, 5-, and 10- years, respectively. Patients diagnosed in 2012-2015 had a significantly improved OS compared to those diagnosed in 2004-2007 (HR 0.65, 95% CI 0.49-0.85; p=0.002). 271 patients (53%) patients received chemotherapy. The OS for those that received chemotherapy was 70% at 1 year and 30% at 5 years versus 70% and 32% at 1- and 5- years for those who did not ( p=0.99). The median time to chemotherapy from time of diagnosis was 25 days (range 0-532 days). 52 patients (10%) underwent transplantation and the OS of those patients was 90% at 1 year and 45% at 5 years versus 67% and 29% at 1- and 5- years for those who did not (HR: 1.7 (95% CI: 1.2-2.6), p=0.006). In univariable analysis, factors predicting inferior OS were age ≥ 65 years old at diagnosis (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.3; p<0.001), male sex (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.2-1.8; p<0.001), CDS ≥ 1 (HR: 1.5 (95% CI: 1.2-2.0), p<0.001), government insurance (HR 1.8, 95% CI 1.4-2.3; p<0.001), diagnosis at a non-academic facility (HR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.0, p<0.001), and not receiving a hematologic transplant (HR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.6; p=0.006). Multivariable-adjusted analysis is shown in the Table. Conclusions: The overall incidence of APMF has not changed between 2004 and 2015, but OS for 2012-2015 was improved compared to 2004-2007. Age ≥ 65 years old, male sex, CDS ≥ 1, and diagnosis at a nonacademic facility predicted inferior OS. Multivariable-adjusted analysis.[Table: see text]

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Статья посвящена исследованиям кирпичного строительного материала из Увекского городища (г. Саратов) по данным полевых и камеральных исследований 1994–2020 гг. Целью исследований являлось дефиниция физико-химических характеристик кирпича из строений Увекского городища для историко-архитектурного, технико-экономического обоснования строительных технологий Золотой Орды, проведения реконструкционных и реставрационных работ, компьютерного моделирования в системах виртуальной и дополненной реальности. В работе приводятся данные по разнообразию форм и размеров кирпича, отпечаткам на его поверхности. Рассматриваются результаты исследований поопределению элементного состава керамического материала методами Оже и вторичной-ионной масс-спектроскопии (ВИМС) с целью идентификации мест добычи сырья. Приводятся данные по: средней плотности кирпича, его группе по теплотехническим характеристикам, коэффициенту излучения, водопоглощению по массе, пределам прочности при сжатии и изгибе, определению марки кирпича в соответствии с регламентируемыми параметрами действующего государственного стандарта. Библиографические ссылки Баллод Ф.В. Приволжские «Помпеи». М.; Пг.: Мосполиграф, 1923. Брагов А.М., Ломунов А.К. Использование метода Кольского для динамических испытаний конструкционных материалов // Прикладные проблемы прочности и пластичности. 1995. № 51. С. 127−137. Браташова С.А. Увешенская станица и Саратау: к вопросу о сохранении урбосистемы Укек – Яйлак // Историко-археологические памятники Золотой Орды на территории Саратовского Поволжья. Укек: прошлое, настоящее, будущее. Мат. межд. нау ч.-практ. конф. / Ред. Аблязов К. А., Кульпин-Губайдуллин Э. С., Рашитов Ф. А. Саратов: Научная кинга, 2016. С. 211−218. Васильев Д.В. О размерах золотоордынских кирпичей (Опыт статистико-метрологического анализа) // Перекрестки истории. Актуальные проблемы исторической науки. Мат. Всеросс. науч. конф. Астрахань : ИД «Астраханский университет», 2004.С. 72–79. ГОСТ 530-2012. Кирпич и камень керамические. Общие технические условия. Взамен ГОСТ 530-2007; Введ. с 2013.07.01. М.: Стандартинформ, 2013. 39 с. Губанов И.А., Крылова И.А., Тихонова В.Л. Дикорастущие полезные растения СССР. М.: Мысль, 1976. 360 с. Дунаева Г.В., Рогозин И.С. Оползни Саратовского Поволжья. М.: АН СССР, 1962. 163 с. Зиливинская Э.Д. Культовая архитектура Золотой Орды: происхождение и традиции // Поволжская археология. 2016. № 2(16). С. 44–67. Ёлшин Д. Д. Новые исследования древнерусской плинфы: итоги и перспективы // Проблеми давньоруської та середньовічної археології / Археологія i давня історія України. Вип. 1. / Отв. ред. Г. Ю. Ивакин. Київ: Інститут археології НАН України, 2010. С. 395–407. Карлосон Т.А. Фотоэлектронная и Оже-спектроскопия. Л.: Машиностроение, 1981. 431 c. Краснопевцев Б.В. Фотограмметрия. М.: УПП "Репрография" МИИГАиК, 2008. 160 c. Кротков А.А. Раскопки на Увеке в 1913 году // ТСУАК. Саратов, 1915. Вып. 32. С. 111−133. Кульпин Э.С. Цивилизационный феномен Золотой Орды // Общественные науки и современность. 2001. № 3. С. 74−88. Отчет Императорской Архивной Комиссии за 1891 г. / Архив ИИМК РАН, 1891. Ф. 1. Д. 30. Сингатулин Р.А. Археологические исследования на Увекском городище в 2004 г. // Археологическое наследие Саратовского края. Вып. 7 / Отв. ред. А.И. Юдин. Саратов, Научная книга, 2006. С. 76−90. Сингатулин Р. А. Охранно-спасательные работы на территории Увекского городища в 2005 г. // Археологическое наследие Саратовского края. Вып. 8 / Отв. ред. А. И. Юдин. Саратов, Научная книга, 2008. С. 139−155. Сингатулин Р. А. История первых фотограмметрических исследований на Увекском городище в 1913 г. // Исторические, философские, политические и юридические науки, культурология и искусствоведение. Вопросы теории и практики. 2014. № 9(47) Ч. 1. С. 149−151. Сингатулин Р.А. Особенности применения стереофотограмметрического мультиспектрального мониторинга в полевых археологических исследованиях // Известия высших учебных заведений. Геодезия и аэрофотосъемка. 2016а. № 2. С. 90−93. Сингатулин Р.А. Идентификация золотоордынской керамики методами Оже и вторичной ионной масс-спектрометрии // Международный научно-исследовательский журнал. 2016б. № 7−1(49). С. 105−107. Сингатулин Р.А. Теплотехнические и прочностные характеристики плинфы с Увекского городища // Современные наукоёмкие технологии. 2017. № 8. С. 65−68. Федоров-Давыдов Г.А. Статистические методы в археологии: Учебное пособие для вузов по спец. «История». М.: Высшая школа, 1987. 216 с. Федоров-Давыдов Г.А. Золотоордынские города Поволжья. М.: Изд-во МГУ, 1994. 232 с. Шульман А.Р., Фридрихов С.А. Вторично-эмиссионные методы исследования твёрдого тела. М.: Наука, 1977. 552 c. Paparazzo, E. Comment on AES and SAM microanalysis of structure ceramics by thinning and coating the backside. Yu and Jin // Surface and Interface Analysis. 2001. №31 (12). P. 1110–1111. DOI:10.1002/sia.1144. Paparazzo, E. Recovering the past from surfaces and interfaces: experimental and cultural issues // Surface and Interface Analysis. 2006. №38. P. 357−363. DOI:10.1002/sia.2142.

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-Bill Maurer, Mimi Sheller, Consuming the Caribbean: From Arawaks to Zombies. New York: Routledge, 2003. ix + 252 pp.-Norman E. Whitten, Jr., Richard Price ,The root of roots: Or, how Afro-American anthropology got its start. Chicago: Prickly Paradigm Press/University of Chicago Press, 2003. 91 pp., Sally Price (eds)-Holly Snyder, Paolo Bernardini ,The Jews and the expansion of Europe to the West, 1450-1800. New York: Berghahn Books, 2001. xv + 567 pp., Norman Fiering (eds)-Bridget Brereton, Seymour Drescher, The mighty experiment: Free labor versus slavery in British emancipation. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002. 307 pp.-Jean Besson, Kathleen E.A. Monteith ,Jamaica in slavery and freedom: History, heritage and culture. Kingston; University of the West Indies Press, 2002. xx + 391 pp., Glen Richards (eds)-Michaeline A. Crichlow, Jean Besson, Martha Brae's two histories: European expansion and Caribbean culture-building in Jamaica. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2002. xxxi + 393 pp.-Christopher Schmidt-Nowara, Joseph C. Dorsey, Slave traffic in the age of abolition: Puerto Rico, West Africa, and the Non-Hispanic Caribbean, 1815-1859. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003. xvii + 311 pp.-Arnold R. Highfield, Erik Gobel, A guide to sources for the history of the Danish West Indies (U.S. Virgin Islands), 1671-1917. Denmark: University Press of Southern Denmark, 2002. 350 pp.-Sue Peabody, David Patrick Geggus, Haitian revolutionary studies. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2002. xii + 334 pp.-Gerdès Fleurant, Elizabeth McAlister, Rara! Vodou, power, and performance in Haiti and its Diaspora. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002. xviii + 259 pp. and CD demo.-Michiel Baud, Ernesto Sagás ,The Dominican people: A documentary history. Princeton NJ: Marcus Wiener, 2003. xiii + 278 pp., Orlando Inoa (eds)-Samuel Martínez, Richard Lee Turits, Foundations of despotism: Peasants, the Trujillo regime, and modernity in Dominican history. Stanford CA: Stanford University Press, 2003. x + 384 pp.-Eric Paul Roorda, Bernardo Vega, Almoina, Galíndez y otros crímenes de Trujillo en el extranjero. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 2001. 147 pp.''Diario de una misión en Washington. Santo Domingo: Fundación Cultural Dominicana, 2002. 526 pp.-Gerben Nooteboom, Aspha Bijnaar, Kasmoni: Een spaartraditie in Suriname en Nederland. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Bert Bakker, 2002. 378 pp.-Dirk H.A. Kolff, Chan E.S. Choenni ,Hindostanen: Van Brits-Indische emigranten via Suriname tot burgers van Nederland. The Hague: Communicatiebureau Sampreshan, 2003. 224 pp., Kanta Sh. Adhin (eds)-Dirk H.A. Kolff, Sandew Hira, Het dagboek van Munshi Rahman Khan. The Hague: Amrit/Paramaribo: NSHI, 2003. x + 370 pp.-William H. Fisher, Neil L. Whitehead, Dark Shamans: Kanaimà and the poetics of violent death. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2002. 309 pp.-David Scott, A.J. Simoes da Silva, The luxury of nationalist despair: George Lamming's fiction as decolonizing project. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2000. 217 pp.-Lyn Innes, Maria Cristina Fumagalli, The flight of the vernacular. Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2001. xvi + 303 pp.-Maria Cristina Fumagalli, Tobias Döring, Caribbean-English passages: Intertextuality in a postcolonial tradition. London: Routledge, 2002. xii + 236 pp.-A. James Arnold, Celia Britton, Race and the unconscious: Freudianism in French Caribbean thought. Oxford: Legenda, 2002. 115 pp.-Nicole Roberts, Dorothy E. Mosby, Place, language, and identity in Afro-Costa Rican literature. Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2003. xiii + 248 pp.-Stephen Steumpfle, Philip W. Scher, Carnival and the formation of a Caribbean transnation. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003. xvi + 215 pp.-Peter Manuel, Frances R. Aparicho ,Musical migrations: transnationalism and cultural hybridity in Latin/o America, Volume 1. With Maria Elena Cepeda. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2003. 216 pp., Candida F. Jaquez (eds)-Jorge Pérez Rolón, Maya Roy, Cuban Music. London: Latin America Bureau/Princeton NJ: Markus Wiener Publishers, 2002. ix + 246 pp.-Bettina M. Migge, Gary C. Fouse, The story of Papiamentu: A study in slavery and language. Lanham MD: University Press of America, 2002. x + 261 pp.-John M. McWhorter, Bettina Migge, Creole formation as language contact: the case of the Suriname creoles. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 2003. xii + 151 pp.

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The study aims to assess the rate of erosion that occurred in Manjunto Watershed and financial loss using Geographic Information System and Remote Sensing. Model used to determine the erosion is E30 models. The basis for the development of this model is to integrate with the slope of the slope between NDVI. The value of NDVI obtained from satellite imagery. Slope factor obtained through the DEM processing. To determine the amount of economic losses caused by erosion used the shadow prices. The amount of nutrients lost converted to fertilizer price. The results showed that the eroded catchment area has increased significantly. The rate of average annual erosion in the watershed Manjunto in 2000 amounted to 3 Mg ha-1 yr-1. The average erosion rate in the watershed Manjunto annual increase to 27 Mg ha-1 yr-1 in the year 2009. Economic losses due to erosion in 2009 was Rp200,000,- for one hectare. Total losses due to erosion for the total watershed area is Rp15,918,213,133, -. The main factor causing the high rate of erosion is high rainfall, slope and how to grow crops that do not pay attention to the rules of conservation.Keywords: Soil erosion, digital elevation model, GIS, remote sensing, valuation erosion[How to Cite: Gunawan G, D Sutjiningsih, H Soeryantono and S Widjanarko. 2013.Soil Erosion Prediction Using GIS and Remote Sensing on Manjunto Watershed Bengkulu-Indonesia. J Trop Soils 18 (2): 141-148. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.141][Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2013.18.2.141]REFERENCESAksoy E, G Ozsoy and MS Dirim. 2009. Soil mapping approach in GIS using Landsat satellite imagery and DEM data. Afr J Agric Res 4: 1295-1302.Ananda J and G Herath. 2003. Soil erosion in developing countries: a socio-economic appraisal. J Environ Manage 68: 343-353.Ananda J, G Herath and A Chisholm. 2001. Determination of yield and Erosion Damage Functions Using Subjectivly Elicited Data: application to Smallholder Tea in Sri Lanka. Aust J Agric Resour Ec 45: 275-289.Ande OT, Y Alaga and GA Oluwatosin. 2009. Soil erosion prediction using MMF model on highly dissected hilly terrain of Ekiti environs in southwestern Nigeria. Int J Phys Sci 4: 053-057.Arnold JG, BA Engel and R Srinivasan. 1998. A continuous time grid cell watershed model. Proc. of application of Advanced Technology for management of Natural Resources.Arsyad S. 2010. Konservasi Tanah dan Air. IPB Press. Bogor-Indonesia (in Indonesian).Asdak C.1995. Hydrology and Watershed Management. Gadjah Mada University Press, Yogyakarta.Barlin RD and ID Moore. 1994. Role of buffer strips in management of waterway pollution: a review. Environ Manage 18: 543-58.Brough PA.1986. Principle of Geographical Information Systems For Land Resources Assessment. Oxford University Press, 194p.Clark B and J Wallace. 2003. Global connections: Canadian and world issues. Toronto, Canada: Pearson Education Canada, Inc.Cochrane T A and DC Flanagan. 1999. Assessing water erosion in small watershed using WEPP with GIS and digital elevation models. J Soil Water Conserv 54: 678 685.Dames TWg. 1955. The Soils of East Central Java; with a Soil Map 1:250,000. Balai Besar Penjelidikan Pertanian, Bogor, Indonesia.Dixon JA, LF Scura, RA Carpenter and PB Sherman. 2004. Economic Analysis of Environmental Impacts 2nd ed. Eartscans Publication Ltd., London.Fistikoglu O and NB Harmancioglu. 2002. Integration of GIS with USLE in Assessment of Soil Erosion. Water Resour Manage 16: 447-467.Green K. 1992. Spatial imagery and GIS: integrated data for natural resource management. J Forest 90: 32-36.Hazarika MK and H Honda. 2001. Estimation of Soil Erosion Using Remote Sensing and GIS, Its Valuation & Economic Implications on Agricultural Productions. The 10th International Soil Conservation Organization Meeting at Purdue University and the USDA-ARS Soil Erosion Research Laboratory.Hazarika S, R Parkinson, R Bol, L Dixon, P Russell, S Donovan and D Allen. 2009. Effect of tillage system and straw management on organic matter dynamics. Agron Sustain Develop 29: 525-533. doi: 10.1051/agro/2009024. Honda KL, A Samarakoon, Y Ishibashi, Mabuchi and S Miyajima.1996. Remote Sensing and GIS technologies for denudation estimation in Siwalik watershed of Nepal,p. B21-B26. Proc. 17th Asian Conference on Remote Sensing, Colombo, Sri lanka.Kefi M and K Yoshino. 2010. Evaluation of The Economic Effects of Soil Erosion Risk on Agricultural Productivity Using Remote Sensing: Case of Watershed in Tunisia. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science, Volume XXXVIII, Part 8, Kyoto Japan.Kefi M, K Yoshino, K Zayani and H Isoda. 2009. Estimation of soil loss by using combination of Erosion Model and GIS: case of study watersheds in Tunisia. J Arid Land Stud 19: 287-290.Lal R. 1998. Soil erosion impact on agronomic productivity and environment quality: Critical Review. Plant Sci 17: 319-464.Lal. 2001. Soil Degradation by Erosion. Land Degrad Develop12: 519-539.Lanya I. 1996. Evaluasi Kualitas lahan dan Produktivitas Lahan Kering Terdegradasi di Daerah Transmigrasi WPP VII Rengat Kabupaten Indragiri Hulu, Riau. [Disertasi Doktor]. Program Pasca Sarjana IPB, Bogor (in Indonesian).Mermut AR and H Eswaran. 2001. Some major developments in soil science since the mid 1960s. Geoderma 100: 403-426.Mongkolsawat C, P Thurangoon and Sriwongsa.1994. Soil erosion mapping with USLE and GIS. Proc. Asian Conf. Rem. Sens., C-1-1 to C-1-6.Morgan RPC, Morgan DDV and Finney HJ. 1984. A predictive model for the assessment of erosion risk. J Agric Eng Res 30: 245-253.Morgan RPC. 2005. Soil Erosion and Conservation. 3rd ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Co.Panuju DR, F Heidina, BH Trisasongko, B Tjahjono, A Kasno, AHA Syafril. 2009. Variasi nilai indeks vegetasi MODIS pada siklus pertumbuhan padi. J.Ilmiah Geomat. 15, 9-16 (in Indonesian).Pimentel D, C Harvey, P Resosudarmo, K. Sinclair, D Kurz, M Mc Nair, S Christ, L Shpritz, L Fitton, R Saffouri and R Balir. 1995. Environmental and Economic Costs of Soil Erosion and Conservation Benefits. Science 267: 1117-1123.Saha SK and LM Pande. 1993. Integrated approach towards soil erosion inventory for environmental conservation using satellite and agrometeorological data. Asia Pac Rem Sens J 5: 21-28.Saha SK, Kudrat M and Bhan SK.1991. Erosional soil loss prediction using digital satellitee data and USLE. In: S Murai (ed). Applications of Remote Sensing in Asia and Oceania – Environmental Change Monitoring. Asian Association of Remote Sensing, pp. 369-372.Salehi MH, Eghbal MK and Khademi H. 2003. Comparison of soil variability in a detailed and a reconnaissance soil map in central Iran. Geoderma 111: 45-56.Soil Survey Staff. 1998. Keys to Soil Taxonomy. Eighth Edition. United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service. Washington, D.C.

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Abstract. In this paper, changes of sediment yield and sediment transport were assessed using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). This model was based on the integrated use of precipitation data, Landsat images in 2000, 2005 and 2010, terrain parameters (slope gradient and slope length) and soil composition in Zhifanggou watershed, Gansu Province, Northwestern China. The obtained results were basically consistent with the measured values. The results showed that the mean modulus of soil erosion is 1224, 1118 and 875 t km−2 yr−1 and annual soil loss is 23 130, 21 130 and 16 536 in 2000, 2005 and 2010 respectively. The measured mean erosion modulus were 1581 and 1377 t km−2 yr−1, and the measured annual soil loss were 29 872 and 26 022 t in 2000 and 2005. From 2000 to 2010, the amount of soil erosion was reduced yearly. Very low erosion and low erosion dominated the soil loss status in the three periods, and moderate erosion followed. The zones classified as very low erosion were increasing, whereas the zones with low or moderate erosion were decreasing. In 2010, no zones were classified as high or very high soil erosion.

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Hintergrund: Die Frühgeborenen-Retinopathie (ROP; Retinopathia praematurorum) ist eine potenziell zur Erblindung führende Krankheit, die bei extrem verfrüht geborenen Säuglingen auftritt. Die Einführung neuer ROP-Vorsorgeuntersuchungssysteme mit höherer Sensitivität und Spezifität als bisherige Leitlinien für das ROP-Screening hat das Potenzial, die Zahl belastender Augenuntersuchung bei diesen Säuglingen zu verringern. Ziele: Erhöhung der Spezifizität des WINROP-Überwachungssystems (Weight, Insulin-like growth factor-I, Neonatal, ROP) zur Identifikation extrem frühgeborener Säuglinge mit behandlungsbedürftiger ROP. Methoden: Zwei Kohorten, die zuvor WINROP-Analysen unterzogen worden waren, wurden in die Studie eingeschlossen und erneut evaluiert. Das Körpergewicht bei WINROP-Alarm für extrem frühgeborene Säuglinge (Entbindung vor Schwangerschaftswoche 27) wurde reevaluiert, und durch Setzung «sicherer» WINROP-Alarmgrenzwerte für das Körpergewicht erfolgte eine Neubeurteilung der Stichproben nach WINROP-Alarm. Die folgenden beiden Kohorten wurden untersucht: (1) die Kohorte der EXPRESS-Studie (Extremely Preterm Infants in Sweden Study) mit 2004-2007 in Schweden geborenen Säuglingen (n = 407) und (2) die extrem frühgeborenen Säuglinge einer nordamerikanischen Kohorte, Geburtsjahrgänge 2006-2009 (n = 566). Ergebnisse: In der EXPRESS-Kohorte lag bei 12,5% (40/319) der Säuglinge, bei denen zuvor ein WINROP-Alarm erfolgt war, nun kein Alarm mehr vor; die Spezifität von WINROP in der EXPRESS-Kohorte stieg damit von 23,9% (86/360) auf 35,0% (126/360). In der nordamerikanischen Kohorte hatten nach der erneuten Beurteilung 15,4% (81/526) keinen Alarm mehr; die Spezifität stieg von 8,5% (38/447) auf 26,6% (119/447). Die Sensitivität betrug unverändert 97,5% in der EXPRESS-Kohorte (45/47) und 98,3% (117/119) in der nordamerikanischen Kohorte. Schlussfolgerungen: Die Spezifität des WINROP-Überwachungssystems für extrem frühgeborene Säuglinge kann durch erneute Evaluierung anhand des Gewichts bei WINROP-Alarm signifikant verbessert werden. Neonatology 2015;108:152-156 (DOI:10.1159/000435770)

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ABSTRACTBacterial factors may contribute to the global emergence and spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB). Only a few studies have reported on the interactions between different bacterial factors. We studied drug-resistantMycobacterium tuberculosisisolates from a nationwide study conducted from 2000 to 2008 in Switzerland. We determined quantitative drug resistance levels of first-line drugs by using Bactec MGIT-960 and drug resistance genotypes by sequencing the hot-spot regions of the relevant genes. We determined recent transmission by molecular methods and collected clinical data. Overall, we analyzed 158 isolates that were resistant to isoniazid, rifampin, or ethambutol, 48 (30.4%) of which were multidrug resistant. Among 154 isoniazid-resistant strains,katGmutations were associated with high-level andinhApromoter mutations with low-level drug resistance. OnlykatG(S315T) (65.6% of all isoniazid-resistant strains) andinhApromoter −15C/T (22.7%) were found in molecular clusters.M. tuberculosislineage 2 (includes Beijing genotype) was associated with any drug resistance (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 3.0; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.7 to 5.6;P< 0.0001). Lineage 1 was associated withinhApromoter −15C/T mutations (OR, 6.4; 95% CI, 2.0 to 20.7;P= 0.002). We found that the genetic strain background influences the level of isoniazid resistance conveyed by particular mutations (interaction tests of drug resistance mutations across all lineages;P< 0.0001). In conclusion,M. tuberculosisdrug resistance mutations were associated with various levels of drug resistance and transmission, andM. tuberculosislineages were associated with particular drug resistance-conferring mutations and phenotypic drug resistance. Our study also supports a role for epistatic interactions between different drug resistance mutations and strain genetic backgrounds inM. tuberculosisdrug resistance.

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Introduction-Multiple myeloma (MM) represents 1.8% of all new cancer cases in the U.S., with an estimated 32,110 new cases in 2019. While not curable, advances in treatment, including autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) and maintenance therapy, have dramatically improved progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). The Ohio State University bone marrow transplant program began utilizing ASCT for newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients in 1992. With the introduction of new and more effective drugs used before and after ASCT, we performed survival analysis in NDMM patients from 1992-2016 receiving ASCT to examine our institutional progress. Method-We performed a retrospective analysis of 1002 consecutive transplant eligible NDMM patients. Patients were split into five groups based on historic changes in novel agents for treatment of MM: 1992-1998 (vincristine/doxorubicin/dexamethasone-group 1), 1999-2002 (thalidomide/dexamethasone-group 2), 2003-2008 (bortezomib/lenalidomide/dexamethasone-group 3), 2009-2013 (carfilzomib/pomalidomide/dexamethasone, and maintenance therapy-group 4), and 2014-2016 (agents used for relapsed MM, including daratumumab/elotuzumab/ixazomib/dexamethasone, and maintenance therapy-group 5). Pre-ASCT conditioning regimen was melphalan 140-200 mg/m2 in 94.4% of patients. Data were consistently obtained since 2003 for both standard and high-risk patients at diagnosis. High-risk patients had del17, t(4:14), t(14:16), hypodiploidy and/or 1q abnormality. Primary endpoints were PFS and OS. PFS was defined as time to progressive disease or death from any cause from the date of transplantation. OS was defined as time from transplantation to death from any cause, censoring those who were still alive at the last follow up. Kaplan Meier curves were used to calculate PFS and OS. Results-The median age of all patients at transplant was 58 years (range: 18-81 years) and 58.5% were male. The median patient age increased significantly, from 54 to 60 years, over 1992-2016 (p<0.001). The majority of patients (53.6%) had IgG myeloma and 19.3% had light chain disease. 30% of patients with known cytogenetic data were high-risk. Melphalan 200 mg/m2 was used in 80.5% of patients. It was noted that across the years (1992-2016), there was a statistically significant improvement in both PFS (p<0.01) and OS (p<0.01). Median PFS and OS of all patients was 1.3 and 2.0 years in group 1 (1992-1998); 1.0 and 3.2 years in group 2 (1999-2002); and 2.0 and 5.8 years in group 3 (2003-2008), respectively. This response was further improved to PFS and OS of 4.1 years and not reached (NR) in group 4 (2009-2013), and 3.8 years and NR in group 5 (2014-2016), respectively (Figure 1). The 3 year PFS of groups 1 through 5 was 26%, 25%, 35%, 57% and 58%, respectively. The 3 year OS of groups 1 through 5 was 45%, 54%, 74%, 82% and 80%, respectively. On subset analysis, across years, significant increases in PFS (p<0.01) and OS (p<0.01) were seen in patients ≤65 years of age. For patients >65 years old, there was a statistically significant improvement in PFS (p<0.01) but not in OS (p=0.054). For both standard and high-risk disease, there was significant improvement in PFS (p<0.01 and p<0.01), and OS (p=0.02 and p=0.02), respectively. The rate of response both pre- and post-transplant showed statistically significant improvement across the years (p<0.01). The pre-transplant rate of very good partial response (VGPR), or better, increased from 5.3% in early 1990's (group 1), 15.3% (group 2), 39.8% (group 3) to 51.2% (group 4) and 54% (group 5). The post-transplant rate of response (VGPR or better) also increased from 31.5% (group 1), 28.8% (group 2), 65.6% (group 3), to 79.6% (group 4) and 76.3 % (group 5). Conclusion-Our data show that NDMM patients' survival and response to standard of care treatment have improved dramatically since 1992, primarily due to inclusion of novel therapies and maintenance. For NDMM patients receiving ASCT, the 3 year overall survival rate has significantly improved from 45% in 1992-1998 to 80% in 2014-2016, which is similar to the post-ASCT OS shown in the 2012 study by McCarthy et al. The significantly increasing age of NDMM patients receiving ASCT over time suggests improving supportive care and expansion of standard of care therapies to more of the population, improving survival and quality of life. Disclosures Rosko: Vyxeos: Other: Travel support. Efebera:Takeda: Honoraria; Akcea: Other: Advisory board, Speakers Bureau; Janssen: Speakers Bureau.

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Abstract This retrospective study was designed to determine the prevalence of inherited prothrombotic risk factors (Factor V Leiden (FV) G1691A and prothrombin G20210A mutations, TT677 genotype of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), protein C, protein S, antithrombin deficiencies) in a population of children with ALL treated according to the FRALLE 2000 study Protocol (High Risk and Standard Risk groups). The study was performed in 5 French Centers including Amiens, Angers, Paris Trousseau, Rouen and Saint-Etienne. From December 2000 to March 2006, 354 children aged 1 to 18 years old were consecutively admitted for ALL and were enrolled in the FRALLE 2000 Protocol. Among them, 281 patients were investigated for hereditary prothrombotic defects at the time of ALL diagnosis. Informed parental consent was required for gene analysis. Abnormal test results for protein S (functional activity and free protein S antigen concentration), protein C and antithrombin were controlled on a second blood sample after induction. In the population studied, the prevalence of one established prothrombotic risk factor was 19,2%: the FV G1691A mutation was diagnosed in 10 patients (3.6%), all heterozygous, 10 patients (3.6%) showed the heterozygous prothrombin G20210A mutation, the TT677 MTHFR genotype was found in 34 children (12.7%), 1 patient showed protein C deficiency (0.4%). No antithrombin deficiency was detected. The prevalence of inherited protein S deficiency could not be evaluated because of missing data in the family medical history. Combined prothrombotic defects were found in 2 patients (0.71%): heterozygous FV G1691A mutation combined with heterozygous prothrombin G20210A mutation in 1 patient and combined with TT677 MTHFR genotype in the second patient. Except for TT677 MTHFR genotype, the prevalence of hereditary prothrombotic risk factors in children with ALL in France were found within the prevalence reported for children treated for ALL (table 1) and comparable to the prevalence in healthy Europeans (Junker et al. 1999, Margaglione et al 2001, Mueller et al. 2005). Comparison of the prevalence of inherited prothrombotic risk factors in children with ALL Country Population FV G1691A +/− ++ PT G20210A +/− +/+ MTHFR TT677 AT PC AT: antithrombin deficiency ; PC: protein C deficiency ; NE : non evaluated NowakGöttl et al 1999 (n=301) Germany ALL children 5.3% 0.3% 2% 0% 7.7% 0.7% 2.3% Mauz-Körholz et al. 2000 (n=108) Germany ALL children 5.6% 0% 2.8% 0% 5.6% 0% 2.7% Mitchell et al. 2002 (n=60) Canada ALL children 3.3% 0% 2% 0% NE NE NE Present study (n=281) France ALL children 3.6% 0% (n=277) 3.6% 0%(n=279) 2.7% (n=268) 0% 0.4%

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Light localization via reorientation in nematic liquid crystals supports multi-component optical spatial solitons, i.e., vector nematicons. By launching three optical beams of different wavelengths and the same input polarization in a bias-free planar cell, we demonstrate a three-color vector nematicon which is self-trapped thanks to its incoherent nature. Full Text: PDF ReferencesG. I. Stegeman and M. Segev, "Optical Spatial Solitons and Their Interactions: Universality and Diversity", Science 286 (5444), 1518 (1999) CrossRef W. Królikowski and O. Bang, "Solitons in nonlocal nonlinear media: Exact solutions", Phys. Rev. E 63, 016610 (2000) CrossRef D. Suter and T. Blasberg, "Stabilization of transverse solitary waves by a nonlocal response of the nonlinear medium", Phys. Rev. A 48, 4583 (1993) CrossRef G. Assanto and M. Peccianti, "Spatial solitons in nematic liquid crystals", IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39 (1), 13 (2003). CrossRef G. Assanto and M. Karpierz, "Nematicons: self-localised beams in nematic liquid crystals", Liq. Cryst. 36 (10), 1161 (2009) CrossRef M. Peccianti and G. Assanto, "Nematicons", Phys. Rep. 516, 147 (2012). CrossRef M. Peccianti and G. Assanto, "Incoherent spatial solitary waves in nematic liquid crystals", Opt. Lett. 26 (22), 1791 (2001) CrossRef M. Peccianti and G. Assanto, "Nematic liquid crystals: A suitable medium for self-confinement of coherent and incoherent light", Phys. Rev. E Rap. Commun. 65, 035603 (2002) CrossRef G. Assanto, M. Peccianti, C. Umeton, A. De Luca and I. C. Khoo, "Coherent and Incoherent Spatial Solitons in Bulk Nematic Liquid Crystals", Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. 375, 617 (2002) CrossRef A. Alberucci, M. Peccianti, G. Assanto, A. Dyadyusha and M. Kaczmarek, "Two-Color Vector Solitons In Nonlocal Media", Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 153903 (2006) CrossRef G. Assanto, N. F. Smyth and A. L. Worthy, "Two-color, nonlocal vector solitary waves with angular momentum in nematic liquid crystals", Phys. Rev. A 78 (1), 013832 (2008) CrossRef G. Assanto, K. Garcia-Reimbert, A. A. Minzoni, N. F. Smyth and A. Worthy, "Lagrange solution for three wavelength solitary wave clusters in nematic liquid crystals", Physica D 240, 1213 (2011) CrossRef G. Assanto, A. A. Minzoni and N. F. Smyth, "Vortex confinement and bending with nonlocal solitons", Opt. Lett. 39 (3), 509 (2014) CrossRef G. Assanto, A. A. Minzoni and N. F. Smyth, "Deflection of nematicon-vortex vector solitons in liquid crystals", Phys. Rev. A 89, 013827 (2014) CrossRef G. Assanto and N. F. Smyth, "Soliton Aided Propagation and Routing of Vortex Beams in Nonlocal Media", J. Las. Opt. Photon. 1, 105 (2014) CrossRef Y. V. Izdebskaya, G. Assanto and W. Krolikowski, "Observation of stable-vector vortex solitons", Opt. Lett. 40 (17), 4182 (2015) CrossRef Y. V. Izdebskaya, W. Krolikowski, N. F. Smyth and G. Assanto, "Vortex stabilization by means of spatial solitons in nonlocal media", J. Opt. 18 (5), 054006 (2016) CrossRef J. F. Henninot, J. Blach and M. Warenghem, "Experimental study of the nonlocality of spatial optical solitons excited in nematic liquid crystal", J. Opt. A 9, 20 (2007) CrossRef Y. V. Izdebskaya, V. G. Shvedov, A. S. Desyatnikov, W. Z. Krolikowski, M. Belic, G. Assanto and Y. S. Kivshar, "Counterpropagating nematicons in bias-free liquid crystals", Opt. Express 18 (4), 3258 (2010) CrossRef N. Karimi, A. Alberucci, M. Virkki, M. Kauranen and G. Assanto, "Phase-front curvature effects on nematicon generation", J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 5 (33), 903 (2016) CrossRef P. G. de Gennes and J. Prost, The Physics of Liquid Crystals, Oxford Science Publications (Clarendon Press, 2nd edition, 1993)I. C. Khoo, Liquid Crystals: Physical Properties and Nonlinear Optical Phenomena (Wiley, New York, 1995)A. Piccardi, M. Trotta, M. Kwasny, A. Alberucci, R. Asquini, M. Karpierz, A. d'Alessandro and G. Assanto, "Trends and trade-offs in nematicon propagation", Appl. Phys. B 104 (4), 805 (2011) CrossRef M. Kwasny, U. A. Laudyn, F. A. Sala, A. Alberucci, M. A. Karpierz and G. Assanto, "Self-guided beams in low-birefringence nematic liquid crystals", Phys. Rev. A 86 (1), 01382 (2012) CrossRef M. Peccianti, A. Fratalocchi and G. Assanto, "Transverse dynamics of nematicons", Opt. Express 12 (26), 6524 (2004) CrossRef C. Conti, M. Peccianti and G. Assanto, "Observation of Optical Spatial Solitons in a Highly Nonlocal Medium", Phys. Rev. Lett. 92 (11), 113902 (2004) CrossRef A. Alberucci, C.-P. Jisha and G. Assanto, "Breather solitons in highly nonlocal media", J. Opt. 18, 125501 (2016) CrossRef

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RESUMENEl nacimiento en la Antigua Roma de niños con rasgos sexuales masculinos y femeninos a la vez, los llamados andróginos o hermafroditas, eran considerados como un gravísimo prodigio. Su expiación, necesaria para el restablecimiento de las buenas relaciones entre los hombres y los dioses, quedó en manos exclusivamente de mujeres: ancianas, matronas y virgines.PALABRAS CLAVE: Antigua Roma, Matrona, prodigio, expiación, andróginoABSTRACTThe birth in ancient Rome of children with both male and female sexual features, so-called androgynes or hermaphrodites, was regarded as a an extraordinary phenomenon. Their expiation, necessary for the restoration of good relations between men and gods, remained exclusively in the hands of women: old women, midwives and virgines.KEY WORDS: Ancient Rome, midwife, prodigy, expiation, androgynus BIBLIOGRAFÍAAbaecherly Boyce, A. (1937), “The expiatory rites of 207 B. C.”, TAPhA, 68, 157-171.Allély, A. 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Prognostic determinants in thoracic trauma are of major public health interest. We intended to describe patterns of thoracic trauma, demographic factors, clinical course, and predictors of outcome in selected tertiary care hospitals in Sri Lanka. A multicentre prospective cohort study was conducted in five leading teaching hospitals from June to September 2017. Patients with thoracic trauma were followed up during the hospital stay. A logistic regression analysis was conducted using in-hospital morbidity as the dichotomous outcome variable. One hundred seventy-one patients were included in the study yielding 1450 (median = 8.5) person-days of observation. Of them, 71.9% (n = 123) were males. The mean age was 45.8 ± 17.9 years. Majority (39.2%, n = 67) were recruited from the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Automobile accidents were the commonest (62.6%, n = 107), followed by falls (26.9%, n = 46), assaults (8.8%, n = 15), and animal attacks (1.8%, n = 3). The ratio of blunt to penetrating trauma was 5.6 : 1. Injury patterns were rib fractures (80.7%, n = 138), haemothorax (44.4%, n = 76), pneumothorax (44.4%, n = 76), lung contusion (22.8%, n = 39), flail segment (15.8%, n = 27), tracheobronchial trauma (7.0%, n = 12), diaphragmatic injury (2.3%, n = 4), vascular injury (2.3%, n = 4), cardiac contusions (1.1%, n = 2), and oesophageal injury (0.6%, n = 1). Ninety nine (57.9%) had extrathoracic injuries. Majority (63.2%, n = 108) underwent operative management including intercostal tube insertion (60.8%, n = 104), wound exploration (6.4%, n = 11), thoracotomy (4.1%, n = 7), rib reconstruction (4.1%, n = 7), and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (2.9%, n = 5). Pneumonia (10.5%, n = 8), bronchopleural fistulae (2.3%, n = 4), tracheaoesophageal fistulae (1.8%, n = 3), empyema (1.2%, n = 2), and myocardial infarction (1.2%, n = 2) were the commonest postoperative complications. The mean hospital stay was 15.6 ± 18.0 days. The in-hospital mortality was 11 (6.4%). The binary logistic regression analysis with five predictors (age, gender, mechanism of injury (automobile/fall/assault), type of trauma (blunt/penetrating), and the presence of extrathoracic injuries) was statistically significant to predict in-hospital morbidity (X2 (6, n = 168) = 13.1; p=0.041), explaining between 7.5% (Cox and Snell R2) and 14.5% (Nagelkerke R2) of variance. The automobile accidents (OR: 2.3, 95% CI = 0.2–26.2) and being males (OR: 2.3, 95% CI = 0.6–9.0) were the strongest predictors of morbidity.

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Resumo Objetivos: Avaliar a ocorrência de alterações no perfil lipídico e glicêmico de acadêmicos de uma Universidade em Alfenas-MG e correlacionar os valores séricos das lipoproteínas e da glicemia de jejum com os fatores de risco para dislipidemias e diabetes decorrentes dos hábitos de vida dos acadêmicos. Métodos: Os instrumentos de medidas utilizados são protocolos para análises laboratoriais da glicemia de jejum e do perfil lipídico em soro segundo método enzimático colorimétrico de acordo com Burtis & Ashwood (2008). Resultados: Foram analisadas 215 amostras de sangue periférico demonstraram a glicemia acima do limite de normalidade, entre 100 e 126 mg/dL, 5,6% (n=12), e acima de 126 mg/dL, o que denota um estado de hiperglicemia nesses indivíduos 2,3% (n=5). Quanto ao perfil lipídico, 5,8% (n=34) apresentaram-se limítrofes, ou seja, de 150 a 200 mg/dl. E, 5,5% (n=12) concentrações altas, ou seja, maiores que 200 mg/dl. As concentrações séricas de colesterol total em 20,0% (n=43) consideradas limítrofes, de 200 a 239 mg/dl. E concentrações da fração HDL-C 40,0% (n=86) apresentaram concentrações consideradas limítrofes de 40 a 60 mg/dl e 46,5% (n=100) concentrações abaixo dos valores preconizados, ou seja, menores que 40 mg/dl. Conclusão: Observa-se que obtivemos um número expressivo de alterações nos perfis laboratoriais analisados. Logo, identifica-se que apesar do conhecimento os acadêmicos por algum motivo não estão aplicam estes saberes nos cuidados diários com a saúde.

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Abstract OBJECTIVES Continuous improvement in the management of patients undergoing surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) may have considerably enhanced surgical outcomes including in-hospital mortality and perioperative complications. We aimed to analyse in-hospital mortality and morbidity trends in patients undergoing SAVR in a single centre to provide insights for future benchmarking for transcatheter aortic valve implantation indications. METHODS This was a retrospective study of prospectively collected data from patients undergoing either isolated SAVR or combined with coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) at the Bristol Heart Institute, UK, from January 2000 to December 2017. Baseline characteristics were extracted and analysed across 3 different eras (2000–2005, 2006–2011 and 2012–2017). Risk-adjusted time trend was obtained from univariate and multivariate logistic regression including all baseline characteristics. RESULTS A total of 2719 patients (63.2%) underwent isolated SAVR, and 1581 (36.8%) underwent combined CABG and SAVR during the study period. For patients undergoing SAVR, in-hospital mortality decreased from 2.9% in 2000–2005 to 0.7% in 2012–2017 (risk-adjusted time trend 0.0001). Hospital mortality in patients aged 75–79 and ≥80 years decreased from 5.6% and 5.3% to 0.4% and 2.2%, respectively. Mortality after combined SAVR and CABG did not significantly decrease (from 3.9% in 2000–2005 to 3.5% in 2012–2017; risk-adjusted time trend = 0.62). However, in patients aged ≥80 years, index hospitalization mortality showed a decreasing non-significant trend from 9.8% to 4.8%. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the hypothesis that mortality and morbidity rates following SAVR have significantly improved over the years, including for patients at high risk.

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20011 Background: Retinoblastoma is the most common malignant intraocular tumor in children. The estimated incidence of retinoblastoma in India is about 2,000 a year. However, there is scant data on the clinical manifestations and outcome of retinoblastoma in India. Methods: In this retrospective case series, the medical records of 460 consecutive cases of retinoblastoma from January 1990 to December 2004 were analyzed for demographics, clinical profile, treatment and outcome (survival, organ and function salvage). Results: An integrated Ocular Oncology Service was established at the treatment center in the year 2000 and a specialized Children’s Eye Cancer Center was founded in 2004. The annual referral increased from <20 a year before 2000 to 38 in 2000, and 120 in 2005. Two hundred and six (45%) patients were economically underprivileged. A majority (303, 66%) presented <3 years of age. There were 277 (60%) males. Although 188 (41%) were bilateral, family history was forthcoming in only 19 (4%). Of 648 involved eyes, 531 (82%) eyes were symptomatic. Leucocoria (71%) was the most common symptom, followed by visual loss (12%), eyelid edema or proptosis (7%), squint (6%), pain (2%), redness (2%), enlarged eyeball (2%), or shrunken eyeball (1%). The tumor was intraocular in 609 (94%) eyes while 39 (6%) were extraocular. Enucleation was the most common primary treatment for intraocular retinoblastoma (236 of 451, 52%), followed by chemoreduction coupled with focal therapy (26%), focal therapy alone (11%), external beam radiation (55) or chemotherapy alone (4%). Histopathologic risk factors predictive of metastasis were found in 152 of 277 (55%) eyes that underwent enucleation. Chemoreduction with focal therapy resulted in eye and vision salvage in 109 of 118 (92%). At the final follow-up (minimum 24 months), 434 (94%) were alive and well. Conclusions: Retinoblastoma has excellent prognosis for survival, eye salvage and vision salvage with the current management modalities. An integrated approach involving a team of a pediatric oncologist and an ocular oncologist at a comprehensive tertiary care center may augment referrals and help implement systematic treatment strategies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

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Abstract Haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HHCT) using CD3/CD19 depleted grafts may lead to faster engraftment and immune reconstitution since grafts contain also graft-facilitating-cells, CD34− progenitors, NK cells, and dendritic cells. Reduced intensity conditioning may also have a positive impact on immune reconstitution following HHCT. 26 adults received CD3/CD19 depleted HHCT after RIC (150–200 mg/m2 fludarabine, 10mg/kg thiothepa, 120 mg/m2 melphalan and 5mg/day OKT-3 (day −5 to +14)) at our institution between 2005–2008. We prospectively evaluated engraftment and immune reconstitution. B-, NK-, T- and T-cell subsets (CD3/8, CD4/8, CD4/45RA/RO), TCR-Vβ repertoire and NK-cell receptors (NKP30, NKP44, NKP46, NKG2D, CD158a/b/e, CD85j, NKG2A, CD161) were analyzed by FACS. Grafts contained 8.8×106 CD34+ (range, 4.3–18.0 ×106), 2.9×104 CD3+ (range, 1.2–9.2×104) and 3.6×107 CD56+ (range, 0.02–23.0 ×107) cells/kg. Engraftment was rapid with a median time to &gt;500 granulocytes/μl of 11 days (range, 9–15) and a median time to &gt;20 000 platelets/μl of 11 days (range, 8–23). Full chimerism was reached on day 14 (median; range, 6–26). NK-cell engraftment was rapid, reaching normal values on day 20 (median of 247 CD16+CD56+CD3− cells/μl (range, 1–886)) with NK cells comprising up to 70% of lymphocytes. B-cell reconstitution was delayed with 81 (range, 0–280) and 335 (range, 11–452) CD19+20+ cells/μl on days 150 and 400, respectively. T-cell reconstitution was impaired with 49 (range, 0–586) and 364 (range, 35–536) CD3+ cells/μl on day 60 and day 150, respectively. We observed an increase of CD3+CD8+ cells in contrast to CD3+CD4+ cells early after HHCT with a median of 24 (range, 0–399) vs 16 (range, 0–257) and 159 (range, 1–402) vs 96 (range, 18–289) cells/μl on day 50 and day 200, respectively. CD4+CD45RA+ T cells increased slowly while CD4+CD45RO+ T cells reconstituted faster with a median of 61 CD4+CD45RO+ cells/μl (range, 0–310) vs 24 CD4+CD45RA+ (range, 0 to 152) on day 100. Within the CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells there was a slow regeneration with median of 14 CD4+CD25+ cells/μl (range, 0–96) on day 100 and 28 CD4+CD25+ cells/μl (range, 19–160) on day 200. CD14+CD45+ monocytes did not reach normal values within the time of observation with 7 CD14+CD45+ cells/μl (range, 0–21) on day 120 and 7 CD14+CD45+ cells (range, 2–381) on day 400. TCR-Vβ repertoire and NK-cell receptor reconstitution was analyzed so far in 7 and 8 patients, respectively. We found a skewed T-cell repertoire with oligoclonal T-cell expansions to day 100 and normalization after day 200. An increased natural cytotoxicity receptor (NKP30, NKP44, NKP46) and NKG2A, but decreased NKG2D and KIR-expression was observed on NK-cells until day 100. In conclusion, T- and B-cell reconstitution is delayed after HHCT using CD3/CD19 depleted grafts and RIC. However, T-cell reconstitution is faster compared to data published with CD34 selected grafts and myeloablative conditioning. A fast NK-cell reconstitution early after HHCT was observed. Thus a combination of reduced intensity conditioning with CD3/CD19 depleted grafts appears to accelerate the immune recovery after haploidentical stem cell transplantation.

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Objective To carry out the comparative analysis of early and midterm results of no-touch aorta multivessel small thoracotomy coronary artery bypass grafting (MVST CABG), conventional off-pump (OPCABG) and on-pump CABG (ONCABG). Methods From 2007 to 2014, 537 consecutive patients underwent CABG by the same surgeon. Propensity score computer matching was performed, and a total of 453 patients were successfully matched in 3 groups of 151 patients. Results Significant differences were found in the intraoperative blood loss: 220 (180; 300) mL in MVST CABG versus 400 (300; 550) mL in OPCABG vs 350 (250; 435) mL in ONCABG group; first 24-hour postoperative blood loss: 170 (100; 280), 320 (200; 470), and 380 (200; 500)mL, respectively; operation time: 352.4 ± 74.4,289.3 ± 55.0, and 280.4 ± 56.4 minutes, respectively; median time to return to full physical activity: 14, 56, and 56 days, respectively (P < 0.05); rate of deep wound infection: 0.0%, 2.0%, and 2.0%, respectively; and postoperative length of stay (surgical department): 4.5, 7.0, and 7.5 days, respectively (P < 0.1). No significant differences were observed in rates of severe in-hospital events (P > 0.05), cumulative midterm survival, and freedom from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (P > 0.05). Conclusions The MVST CABG seems as safe as OPCABG and ONCABG and is associated with less wound infections, perioperative blood loss, shorter hospital length of stay and time to return to full physical activity. Multivessel small thoracotomy CABG can be applied to most patients with coronary heart disease saving the effectiveness during midterm follow-up. The MVST CABG can be introduced avoiding a prolonged learning curve.

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O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a resposta de milho verde (Zea mays) e de feijão-caupi (Vigna unguiculata), cultivados em consórcio, a lâminas de irrigação e doses de fósforo. Os experimentos foram realizados em 2008 e 2009, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com 25 tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de cinco lâminas de irrigação, a 70, 110, 140, 180 e 220% da evapotranspiração da cultura, e de cinco doses de P2O5 a 0, 50, 100, 150 e 200% da dose de P recomendada. O milho foi semeado no espaçamento 0,80x0,40 m, e o feijão-caupi foi semeado dentro das linhas entre as plantas de milho. Não houve efeito das doses de P2O5; porém, a resposta às lâminas de irrigação foi quadrática em milho e linear em feijão-caupi. As máximas produtividades técnicas de espigas de milho verde com palha (10,76 Mg ha-1) e sem palha (7,62 Mg ha-1) foram obtidas com a lâmina de 530 mm, intermediária às lâminas referentes a 180 e 220% da evapotranspiração da cultura. A maior produtividade de grãos verdes de feijão-caupi (3,40 Mg ha-1) foi obtida com a maior lâmina de água aplicada, de 644 mm.

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The paper aims to assess the impact of privatisation on employment and output in Pakistan. It uses edible oil and cement sectors as a case study in a pre- and post-privatisation comparative framework. Assessing the impact of privatisation in Pakistan is important at this juncture for two reasons. Firstly, the country is facing a severe economic crisis and privatisation forms an integral part of an array of reform measures recommended by multi-lateral donors as well as policy-makers within and without the country. Burki [(2000), p. 152] observes, “The economy and state of Pakistan are in crisis…. Pakistan has not faced a crisis of this magnitude in its entire 50-year history”. He refers to the five different crises that have combined to create this situation. These are: the global financial crisis, Pakistan’s short-term liquidity problem, economy’s structural weaknesses, severe social backwardness, and, finally, the crisis of governance. Burki (2000) suggests several solutions to the problems, and privatisation is one of the ways to restructure the economy and improve the quality of governance.

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This paper reports a simple and novel procedure for mold insert of microlens array. The micro injection molding (MIM) and micro injection-compression molding (MICM) are used to replicate the microlens array. The 200×200 arrays of molded microlens, with a diameter of 150 $m, a pitch of 200 $m and a sag height of 11.236 $m have been successfully fabricated. The average surface roughness of the Ni mold insert is 6.916 nm. The average surface roughness of the molded microlens array is 4.608 nm for MIM and 4.555 nm for MICM. The complete fabrication process of mold insert is executed at room temperature and low pressure for this paper.

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The paper presents research findings with 56 Roma children from Macedonia and Serbia between the ages of 3-6 years. The children’s knowledge of Romani as their mother tongue was assessed with a specially designed test. The test measures the children’s comprehension and production of different types of grammatical knowledge such as wh–questions, wh-complements, passive verbs, possessives, tense, aspect, the ability of the children to learn new nouns and new adjectives, and repetition of sentences. In addition, two pictured narratives about Theory of Mind were given to the children. The hypothesis of the authors was that knowledge of the complex grammatical categories by children will help them to understand better the Theory of Mind stories. The results show that Roma children by the age of 5 know most of the grammatical categories in their mother tongue and most of them understand Theory of Mind. References Bakalar, P. (2004). The IQ of Gypsies in Central Europe. The Mankind Quarterly, XLIV, (3&4), 291-300. Bedore L.M., Peña E.D., García, M. & Cortez, C. (2012). Conceptual versus monolingual scoring: when does it make a difference? J Speech Lang Hear Res 55(1), 1-15. Berko, J. (1958). The Child's Learning of English Morphology. Word 14, 150-177. Berman, R. & Slobin, D. (2009). Relating Events in Narrative: A Cross-Linguistic developmental Study, vol. 1. New York and London: Psychology Press. Bialystok, E. (2001). Bilingualism in development: Language literacy and cognition. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. Bialystok, E. & Craik, F. (2010). Cognitive and Linguistic processing in the bilingual mind. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 19, (1), 19-23. Bialystok, E., Craik, F., and Freedman, M. (2007). Bilingualism as a protection against the onset of symptoms of dementia. Neuropsychologia, 45, 459-464. Brucker, J. L. (n.d). 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Lorenzo Suarez & F. Ramallo (Eds.), Bilingualism and Education: From the Family to the School. Muenchen: Lincom Europa. (pp. 161-168) Kyuchukov, H. (2010) Romani language competence. In: J. Balvin and L. Kwadrants (Eds.), Situation of Roma Minority in Czech, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia (pp. 427-465). Wroclaw: Prom. Kyuchukov, H. (2014). Acquisition of Romani in a Bilingual Context. Psychology of Language and Communication, vol. 18 (3), 211-225. Kyuchukov, H. (2013). Romani language education and identity among the Roma children in European context. In: J. Balvin, L. Kwadrans and H. Kyuchukov (eds) Roma in Visegrad Countries: History, Culture, Social Integration, Social work and Education (pp. 465-471). Wroclaw: Prom. Kyuchukov, H. (2015). Socialization of Roma children through Roma oral culture. In: Socializaciya rastushego cheloveka v kontekste progressyivnyih nauchnich ideii XXI veka: socialnoe razvitie detey doshkolnogo vozrastta. 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Secretariat Foundation. Landry, S. and the School Readiness Research Consortium (2014). Enhancing Early Child Care Quality and Learning for Toddlers at Risk: The Responsive Early Childhood Program. Developmental Psychology, 50 (2), 526-541. Lust, B., Flynn, S. & Foley, C. (1996). What Children Know about What They Say: Elicited Imitation as a Research Method for Assessing Children's Syntax. In D. McDaniel, C. McKee, & H. Smith Cairns (Eds.), Methods for Assessing Children's Syntax (pp. 55-76). Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Maratsos, M., Fox, D.E.C., Becker, J.A. & Chalkley, M.A. (1985). Semantic restrictions on children’s passives. Cognition, 19, 167-191. Merz, E.C. Zucker, T.A., Landry, S.H. Williams, J., Assel, M., Taylor, H.B, Lonigan, C.L., Phillips, B., Clancy-Menchetti, J., Barnes, M., Eisenberg, N., de Villiers, J. (2015). Parenting predictors of cognitive skills and emotion knowledge in socioeconomically disadvantaged preschoolers. 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Background:Family history is one of the hallmarks of spondyloarthritis (SpA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) [1, 2]. Some patients have a strong family history that more than 2 relatives have spondyloarthritis related diseases. The effects of strong family history on SpA features were not known very well.Objectives:The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of family history in SpA and PsA patients.Methods:HUR-BIO (Hacettepe University Biologic Registry) is a prospective, single center database of biological treatments since 2005, and to date 3071 SpA and 526 PsA patients have been recorded. Demographic, clinical characteristics, disease activity parameters, a detailed family history of SpA and SpA features (presence of SpA including PsA, psoriasis, inflammatory bowel disease and uveitis) and laboratory data before anti-TNF treatments of the patients were noted.Results:2807 SpA (53.6% male) and 506 PsA (31.4% male) patients’ family history were available and analysed. A positive family history was noted in 27.6% of the SpA and 31.0% of the PsA patients (ns). 7.4% of the SpA patients and 8.9% of the PsA patients had family history in more than one relative (Table 1). In SpA patients with a family history, uveitis was more frequent than patients without (14.4% vs 10.6%, p=0.006). Except for a higher male predominance and uveitis (53% vs 32% p=0.006 and 9% vs 2% p=0.003 respectively) in patients with ≥2 relatives with SpA features, there were no differences in PsA patients regarding family history. The presence of family history and HLA-B27 (63.7% vs 37.6%, p<0.001) positivity were associated in SpA patients but not in PsA patients (31.2% vs 20.0, p=0.13).Conclusion:Family history was present in about one third of the patients of PsA and SpA. It is not uncommon for two or more family members to have a SpA feature. Presence of family history may be associated with some clinical conditions, such as uveitis.References:[1]Solmaz, D., et al., Impact of Having Family History of Psoriasis or Psoriatic Arthritis on Psoriatic Disease. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2020. 72(1): p. 63-68.[2]Zurita Prada, P.A., et al., Influence of smoking and obesity on treatment response in patients with axial spondyloarthritis: a systematic literature review. Clin Rheumatol, 2020.Table 1.Family history in PsA and SpA patientsPsA (n=506)SpA (n=2807)≥ 1 family history, n (%)157 (31.0)774 (27.6)≥1 first-degree relative, n (%)114 (22.5)489 (17.4)≥2 first-degree relatives, n (%)21 (4.2)77 (2.7)≥2 relatives (both first- and second-degree), n (%)45 (8.9)208 (7.4)Family history •Psoriasis, n (%)120 (23.7)155 (5.5) •Psoriatic arthritis, n (%)14 (2.8)9 (0.3) •Spondyloarthritis, n (%)38 (7.5)643 (22.9) •Inflammatory bowel disease, n (%)1 (0.2)10 (0.4) •Uveitis, n (%)02 (0.1)Disclosure of Interests:None declared.

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Parental Involvement in their children's schooling has long been recognized as a critical component of good education. This study aims to find out the relationship between socioeconomic status, interpersonal communication, and school climate with parental involvement in early childhood education. Using survey and correlational research design, data collection was carried out through accumulation techniques with tests and questionnaires. The data analysis technique used statistical analysis and multiple regressions. The findings in the socio-economic context of parents show that the measure of power is an indicator in the very high category with a total score of 5, while the measures of wealth, honour and knowledge are included in the high category with a total score of 4 in relation to parental involvement. The form of interpersonal communication, the openness of parents in responding happily to information / news received from schools about children is a finding of a significant relationship with parental involvement in early childhood education. The school climate describes the responsibility for their respective duties and roles, work support provided, and interpersonal communication relationships, parents at home and teachers at school. Keywords: Socio-economic Status, Interpersonal Communication, Climate School, Parental Involvement, Early Childhood Education References Amato, P. R. (2005). The Impact of Family Formation Change on the Cognitive, Social, and Emotional Well-Being of the Next Generation. The Future of Children, 15(2), 75–96. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.2005.0012 Arnold, D. H., Zeljo, A., Doctoroff, G. L., & Ortiz, C. (2008). Parent Involvement in Preschool: Predictors and the Relation of Involvement to Preliteracy Development. 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Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 45(6), 1053–1064. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-016-0431-4 Berkowitz, R., Astor, R. A., Pineda, D., DePedro, K. T., Weiss, E. L., & Benbenishty, R. (2021). Parental Involvement and Perceptions of School Climate in California. Urban Education, 56(3), 393–423. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085916685764 Berkowitz, R., Moore, H., Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2017). A Research Synthesis of the Associations Between Socioeconomic Background, Inequality, School Climate, and Academic Achievement. Review of Educational Research, 87(2), 425–469. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654316669821 Brand, S., Felner, R. D., Seitsinger, A., Burns, A., & Bolton, N. (2008). A large-scale study of the assessment of the social environment of middle and secondary schools: The validity and utility of teachers’ ratings of school climate, cultural pluralism, and safety problems for understanding school effects and school improvement. 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Journal of School Psychology, 42(6), 445–460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2004.07.002 Desforges, C., Abouchaar, A., Great Britain, & Department for Education and Skills. (2003). The impact of parental involvement, parental support and family education on pupil achievements and adjustment: A literature review. DfES. El Nokali, N. E., Bachman, H. J., & Votruba-Drzal, E. (2010). Parent Involvement and Children’s Academic and Social Development in Elementary School: Parent Involvement, Achievement, and Social Development. Child Development, 81(3), 988–1005. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01447.x Englund, M. M., Luckner, A. E., Whaley, G. J. L., & Egeland, B. (2004). Children’s Achievement in Early Elementary School: Longitudinal Effects of Parental Involvement, Expectations, and Quality of Assistance. Journal of Educational Psychology, 96(4), 723–730. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.96.4.723 Epstein, J. L. (Ed.). (2002). School, family, and community partnerships: Your handbook for action (2nd ed). Corwin Press. Fan, X. (2001). Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Growth Modeling Analysis. The Journal of Experimental Education, 70(1), 27–61. https://doi.org/10.1080/00220970109599497 Fan, X., & Chen, M. (2001). Parental Involvement and Students’ Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 23. Georgiou, S. N., & Tourva, A. (2007). Parental attributions and parental involvement. 10. Gorski, P. (2008). The Myth of the Culture of Poverty. Educational Leadership, 65(7), 32–36. Hamre, B. K., & Pianta, R. C. (2005). Can Instructional and Emotional Support in the First-Grade Classroom Make a Difference for Children at Risk of School Failure? Child Development, 76(5), 949–967. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2005.00889.x Hill, N. E., & Taylor, L. C. (2004). Parental School Involvement and Children’s Academic Achievement: Pragmatics and Issues. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(4), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00298.x Hong, S., & Ho, H.-Z. (2005). Direct and Indirect Longitudinal Effects of Parental Involvement on Student Achievement: Second-Order Latent Growth Modeling Across Ethnic Groups. 11. Hornby, G., & Lafaele, R. (2011). Barriers to parental involvement in education: An explanatory model. Educational Review, 63(1), 37–52. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2010.488049 Hoy, W. K., Tarter, C. J., & Hoy, A. W. (2006). Academic Optimism of Schools: A Force for Student Achievement. American Educational Research Journal, 43(3), 425–446. https://doi.org/10.3102/00028312043003425 Jeynes, W.H. (2014). Parent involvement for urban youth and student of color. In Handbook of urban education (In H. R. Milner&K. Lomotey (Eds.)). NY: Routledge. Jeynes, William H. (2005). Effects of Parental Involvement and Family Structure on the Academic Achievement of Adolescents. Marriage & Family Review, 37(3), 99–116. https://doi.org/10.1300/J002v37n03_06 Jeynes, William H. (2007). The Relationship Between Parental Involvement and Urban Secondary School Student Academic Achievement: A Meta-Analysis. Urban Education, 42(1), 82–110. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042085906293818 Kaplan, D. S., Liu, X., & Kaplan, H. B. (2010). Influence of Parents’ Self-Feelings and Expectations on Children’s Academic Performance. 12. Kuperminc, G. P., Leadbeater, B. J., & Blatt, S. J. (2001). School Social Climate and Individual Differences in Vulnerability to Psychopathology among Middle School Students. Journal of School Psychology, 39(2), 141–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4405(01)00059-0 Kutsyuruba, B., Klinger, D. A., & Hussain, A. (2015). Relationships among school climate, school safety, and student achievement and well-being: A review of the literature. Review of Education, 3(2), 103–135. https://doi.org/10.1002/rev3.3043 Long, H., & Pang, W. (2016). Family socioeconomic status, parental expectations, and adolescents’ academic achievements: A case of China. Educational Research and Evaluation, 22(5–6), 283–304. https://doi.org/10.1080/13803611.2016.1237369 Loukas, A. (2007). High-quality school climate is advantageous for all students and may be particularly beneficial for at-risk students. 3. Mattingly, D. J., Prislin, R., McKenzie, T. L., Rodriguez, J. L., & Kayzar, B. (2002). Evaluating Evaluations: The Case of Parent Involvement Programs. Review of Educational Research, 72(4), 549–576. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543072004549 McWayne, C., Hampton, V., Fantuzzo, J., Cohen, H. L., & Sekino, Y. (2004). A multivariate examination of parent involvement and the social and academic competencies of urban kindergarten children. Psychology in the Schools, 41(3), 363–377. https://doi.org/10.1002/pits.10163 Miedel, W. T., & Reynolds, A. J. (1999). Parent Involvement in Early Intervention for Disadvantaged Children: Does It Matter? 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The aim in this study is to investigate the interface between semantics and pragmatics in relation to the use of the indexical demonstrative ‘haay’ ‘this-S.F.’ in Jordanian Arabic (JA). It is argued here that an analysis of meaning in relation to context-sensitivity inherent in the use of ‘haay’ can give evidence to the view that semantic and pragmatic processes can be distinguished from each other. I have found that the meaning of ‘haay’ consists of three distinct levels: linguistic, semantic, and pragmatic meaning. The denotational and conventional senses of ‘haay’ comprise its linguistic meaning, its semantic meaning is generated when any of the variables in the linguistic meaning is selected in relation to 'narrow context', the pragmatic meaning depends on relating the semantic meaning to an entity in the physical context of interaction. The results of this study support the view that the boundary between semantics and pragmatics can be distinctively demarcated. 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